如何使用shell腳本將文本檔案轉換為JSON檔案

我有一個看起來像這樣的檔案（myfile.txt）

GYFUFGYO1  KMP-app   [email protected]  CODE_SMELL
GYFUFGYO2  KMP-app   [email protected]  CODE_SMELL
GYFUFGYG3  AFP-Login   [email protected]  BUG
GYFUFGYG4  AFP-Login   [email protected]  BUG
GYFUFGYO5  KMP-app   [email protected]  CODE_SMELL
GYFUFGYO6  KMP-app   [email protected]  CODE_SMELL

我必須將此文本內容寫入 JSON 檔案 (myfile.json)。這是預期的輸出

[
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"}
]

這就是我嘗試過的

我創建了一個名為“textconvert.sh”的檔案。然后寫了一個這樣的shell腳本。

echo"[" >> myfile.json
echo {"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"}, >> myfile.json
echo {"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"}, >> myfile.json
echo {"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"}, >> myfile.json
echo {"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"}, >> myfile.json
echo {"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"}, >> myfile.json
echo {"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"} >> myfile.json
echo"]" >> myfile.json

但我不允許像這樣硬編碼。我現在想的是，

撰寫一個回圈來掃描“myfile.txt”，然后將列值分配給變數。然后寫一個json檔案。

有人可以幫我解決這個問題嗎？

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

使用 sed

$ sed -E 's/[^ ]*  ([^ ]*)  ([^ ]*)  (.*)/{"ApplicationName":"\1","BuildBreakReason":"\3","DefectAuthor": "\2"},/;$s/,$/\n]/;1i[' myfile.txt
[
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"}
]

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

使用任何 awk：

$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN {
    fmt = "%s{\"ApplicationName\":\"%s\",\"BuildBreakReason\":\"%s\",\"DefectAuthor\": \"%s\"}"
    print "["
}
{ printf fmt, sep, $2, $4, $3; sep="," ORS }
END { print ORS "]" }

$ awk -f tst.awk myfile.txt
[
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor": "[email protected]"}
]

關于What I am thinking now is, write a loop to scan "myfile.txt"...你的問題 - 不，不要那樣做。請參閱為什么使用-shell-loop-to-process-text-considered-bad-practice。

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

我會AWK按照以下方式利用 GNU 來完成這項任務，讓file.txt內容成為

GYFUFGYO1  KMP-app   [email protected]  CODE_SMELL
GYFUFGYO2  KMP-app   [email protected]  CODE_SMELL
GYFUFGYG3  AFP-Login   [email protected]  BUG
GYFUFGYG4  AFP-Login   [email protected]  BUG
GYFUFGYO5  KMP-app   [email protected]  CODE_SMELL
GYFUFGYO6  KMP-app   [email protected]  CODE_SMELL

然后

awk 'BEGIN{print "["}NR>1{print ","}{printf "{\"ApplicationName\":\"%s\",\"BuildBreakReason\":\"%s\",\"DefectAuthor\":\"%s\"}",$2,$4,$3}END{print "\n]"}' file.txt

給出輸出

[
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor":"[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor":"[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor":"[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"AFP-Login","BuildBreakReason":"BUG","DefectAuthor":"[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor":"[email protected]"},
{"ApplicationName":"KMP-app","BuildBreakReason":"CODE_SMELL","DefectAuthor":"[email protected]"}
]

說明：您需要,在除最后一個字符之后，但在 GNUAWK中檢測最后一行并不容易，所以我print ,在除第一條記錄之前。我使用printf將您的空白剪切記錄重新加工為 JSON，第一個引數是字串，其中要填充的位置由 表示%s，請注意"需要轉義以表示字面量"。BEGIN和END用于將記錄封裝到[和]中。免責宣告：此代碼不會對 JSON 具有特殊含義的字符進行轉義，例如".

（在 gawk 4.2.1 中測驗）

標籤：linux 壳 awk sed

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