背景介紹
ubuntu 20.04 版本系統自帶的 MySQL 版本是 8.0，普通方法很難安裝 5.7 版本的，由于 8.0 版本較 5.7 版本做了不少改動，筆者比較習慣使用 5.7 版本，
網上搜做了一圈，跟著各種教程試了很多遍，最后終于找到了成功的方法，程序記錄分享出來，供大家參考，
安裝程序
筆者的環境：
[email protected]:/home# cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=focal
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS"
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若已經安裝了 8.0 版本的 MySQL，請先操作洗掉，
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添加 MySQL 源
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list
添加如下內容，
deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu/ bionic mysql-apt-config
deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu/ bionic mysql-5.7
deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu/ bionic mysql-tools
deb-src http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu/ bionic mysql-5.7
更新，
sudo apt update
執行程序中可能會出現如下錯誤，
W: GPG error: http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu bionic InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 467B942D3A79BD29
E: The repository 'http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu bionic InRelease' is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
執行如下命令即可，467B942D3A79BD29根據實際情況替換，
root@hz192-168-1-55:/home# sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 467B942D3A79BD29
接著再重新執行更新，
sudo apt update
- 安裝 MySQL
查看支持的 MySQL 版本，此處我們已經可以看到有 5.7.40-1ubuntu18.04，接近成功了，
root@hz192-168-1-55:/home# sudo apt-cache policy mysql-server
mysql-server:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 8.0.30-0ubuntu0.20.04.2
Version table:
8.0.30-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 500
500 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 Packages
500 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 Packages
8.0.19-0ubuntu5 500
500 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
5.7.40-1ubuntu18.04 500
500 http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu bionic/mysql-5.7 amd64 Packages
安裝 MySQL 5.7 版本客戶端和服務端，版本資訊根據上面的輸出自行修改，
sudo apt install mysql-server=5.7.40-1ubuntu18.04
sudo apt install mysql-client=5.7.40-1ubuntu18.04
如無需安裝 mysql-client 服務，執行安裝 mysql-server 服務，可能會報如下錯誤，
只需要手動安裝 mysql-community-server 即可，sudo apt install mysql-community-server=5.7.40-1ubuntu18.04
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
mysql-server : Depends: mysql-community-server (= 5.7.40-1ubuntu18.04) but it is not going to be installed
- 驗證
root@hz192-168-1-55:/home# mysql --version
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.40, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
ok， 完結，踩坑君再次填好一個坑，接著去踩下一個啦，
參考：
- Is it possible to install MySQL Server 5.7 on Ubuntu 19.10?
- Install MySQL 5.7 on Ubuntu 20.04
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