如何在Java單元測驗中模擬介面？

我正在嘗試為以下方法創建單元測驗：

public List<CompanyUserDTO> findAllByUserUuidIn(final Set<UUID> userUuidList) {
        return companyUserRepository.findAllByUserUuidIn(userUuidList);
    }

此方法回傳該CompanyUserDTO介面的串列。下面是介面定義：

public interface CompanyUserDTO {
    UUID getUserUuid();

    UUID getCompanyUuid();

    String getCompanyName();

    default CompanyDTO getCompany() {
        return new CompanyDTO(getCompanyUuid(), getCompanyName());
    }
}

這是CompanyDTO：

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CompanyDTO {
    private UUID uuid;
    private String name;

    public CompanyDTO(final Company company) {
        this.uuid = company.getUuid();
        this.name = company.getName();
    }
}

我的單元測驗如下圖所示：

@Test
public void test_findAllByUserUuidIn() {
    Set<UUID> userUuidList = new HashSet<>();
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001"));
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002"));
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000003"));

    // --> here I need a mock list of `CompanyUserDTO`
    List<CompanyUserDTO> companyUserDTOList = new ArrayList<>();

    when(companyUserRepository.findAllByUserUuidIn(userUuidList))
        .thenReturn(companyUserDTOList);

    List<CompanyUserDTO> result = companyUserService
        .findAllByUserUuidIn(userUuidList);

    assertEquals(companyUserDTOList, result);
}

1.那么，我應該如何CompanyUserDTO在測驗中創建一個模擬串列？

2.我的單元測驗可以用這種方法嗎？

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

1. 您不需要模擬，只需自己創建物件（我猜您至少有介面的實作CompanyUserDTO）。
2. 其他一切都可以，盡管您的方法沒有那么多需要測驗的邏輯。

鑒于您沒有實作，CompanyUserDTO您可能會使用匿名類來避免實作本身，而只是出于測驗目的。你可以這樣做：

@Test
public void test_findAllByUserUuidIn() {
    // Arrange
    Set<UUID> userUuidList = new HashSet<>();
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001"));
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002"));
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000003"));

    CompanyUserDTO companyUserDTO = new CompanyUserDTO() {
        @Override
        public UUID getUserUuid() {
            return UUID.randomUUID();
        }
        
        @Override
        public UUID getCompanyUuid() {
            return UUID.randomUUID();
        }

        @Override
        public String getCompanyName() {
            return "Company Name Test";
        }
    };
    List<CompanyUserDTO> companyUserDTOList = new ArrayList<>();
    companyUserDTOList.add(companyUserDTO);

    when(companyUserRepository.findAllByUserUuidIn(userUuidList))
        .thenReturn(companyUserDTOList);

    // Act
    List<CompanyUserDTO> result = companyUserService
        .findAllByUserUuidIn(userUuidList);

    // Assert
    assertEquals(companyUserDTOList, result);
}

如果您不想使用匿名類，則需要在test源包中創建以下類：

public class CompanyUserDTOImpl implements CompanyUserDTO {
    @Override
    public UUID getUserUuid() {
        return UUID.randomUUID();
    }
    
    @Override
    public UUID getCompanyUuid() {
        return UUID.randomUUID();
    }

    @Override
    public String getCompanyName() {
        return "Company Name Test";
    }
};

然后你的測驗會更簡單：

@Test
public void test_findAllByUserUuidIn() {
    // Arrange
    Set<UUID> userUuidList = new HashSet<>();
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001"));
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002"));
    userUuidList.add(UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000003"));

    List<CompanyUserDTO> companyUserDTOList = new ArrayList<>();
    companyUserDTOList.add(new CompanyUserDTOImpl());

    when(companyUserRepository.findAllByUserUuidIn(userUuidList))
        .thenReturn(companyUserDTOList);

    // Act
    List<CompanyUserDTO> result = companyUserService
        .findAllByUserUuidIn(userUuidList);

    // Assert
    assertEquals(companyUserDTOList, result);
}

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