什么導致java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:org/openqa/selenium/internal/Require當使用WebDriverManager5.0.3時

我有一個 Spring Boot 應用程式，我想用 Selenium 測驗它。我正在使用 WebDriverManager v5.0.3

設定 WebDriver 時WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();出現例外：

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/internal/Require

或者

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.openqa.selenium.internal.FindsById

我的 pom.xml 包含這個：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
            <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

WebDriverManager v5 和 Selenium v??4 之間存在不兼容。將 Selenium 降級到最新的 v3 顛覆后，一切正常。

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
            <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

我剛剛遇到了同樣的問題。查看WebDriverManager的pom.xml，我可以看到 selenium-java 是 4.1.0，具有提供的范圍。我的情況發生在我嘗試構建驅動程式時......

ChromeOptions 功能 = (ChromeOptions) createCapabilities(); ChromeDriverService chromeDriverService =ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(); ChromeDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver(chromeDriverService, capabilities);

那是我看到堆疊跟蹤的時候：

Starting ChromeDriver 96.0.4664.45 (76e4c1bb2ab4671b8beba3444e61c0f17584b2fc-refs/branch-heads/4664@{#947}) on port 17826
Only local connections are allowed.
Please see https://chromedriver.chromium.org/security-considerations for suggestions on keeping ChromeDriver safe.
ChromeDriver was started successfully.

Step failed
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/internal/Require
    at org.openqa.selenium.json.NumberCoercer.<init>(NumberCoercer.java:49)
    at org.openqa.selenium.json.JsonTypeCoercer.<init>(JsonTypeCoercer.java:71)
    at org.openqa.selenium.json.JsonTypeCoercer.<init>(JsonTypeCoercer.java:53)
    at org.openqa.selenium.json.Json.<init>(Json.java:37)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.NewSessionPayload.create(NewSessionPayload.java:99)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.NewSessionPayload.create(NewSessionPayload.java:93)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:67)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:136)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:548)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:212)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:130)
    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:181)
    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:168)
    at com.mycompanynamereplaced.cucumber.commons.webdriver.LocalWebDriverFacade.createChromeWebDriver(LocalWebDriverFacade.java:99)

標籤：硒 硒网络驱动程序 网络驱动管理器 webdrivermanager-java

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