如何在年尺度上繪制月份值？

我有以下資料：年份和 12 個月的值。如何繪制相對于時間（以年表示）的值，并且兩年之間將有 12 個值？謝謝

 1847   0.031   0.099  -1.585   1.170   1.763  -0.260   0.746   1.129  -0.324   0.445   2.459   1.760  
 1848  -0.792   1.770   0.757  -1.023   0.691  -1.780   1.867   2.641  -2.546  -2.436  -0.842   2.548  
 1849   2.419   2.767  -0.562  -0.990  -0.517  -3.210   1.203   0.701  -2.234  -0.078   0.802  -1.238  
 1850  -0.163   4.134  -2.216   0.965  -1.157   0.403   0.305   0.148  -2.077  -2.701   2.390   2.358  
 1851   3.293   1.028   1.504  -1.658  -1.534  -1.621  -5.395   4.679   1.852   0.777  -1.769   1.742  
 1852   1.464   0.411  -2.502  -1.597   0.245   0.093  -1.134   2.943  -2.021  -1.646  -0.930   1.029  

像這樣的東西

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

或者，如果您想將所有值放在一行中：

dat <- import("https://quantoid.net/files/test.txt")
names(dat) <- c("year", paste0("month_", 1:12))
dat <- dat %>% 
  pivot_longer(-year, names_pattern="month_(\\d )", names_to="month", values_to="val") %>% 
  mutate(month = as.numeric(month), 
         yrmo = year   (month - 1)/12)

ggplot(dat, aes(x=yrmo, y=val))   
  geom_line()   
  scale_x_continuous(breaks=1847:1852)

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

我有一個解決方案，使用zoo用于整齊繪制日期的highcharter包和用于生成圖表的包，以及tidyverse對資料進行排序。

library(zoo)
library(highcharter)
library(tidyverse)

我模擬了你的資料集如下：

df <- data.frame(year = c(rep(1847,12),rep(1848,12),rep(1849,12),rep(1850,12),rep(1851,12),rep(1852,12)),
           month = c(rep(seq(01,12, by = 01),6)),
           values = c(runif(72, min = -2, max = 2)       
)) %>%
  unite("date",c(year,month),sep = "-") %>%
  mutate(date = as.yearmon(date)
) %>%
  mutate(color = ifelse(values >= 0, "above", "below"))

這產生了這樣的東西：

head(df)
      date     values color
1 Jan 1847  0.7233567 above
2 Feb 1847  0.4621962 above
3 Mar 1847 -0.2388412 below
4 Apr 1847 -0.3818243 below
5 May 1847 -1.5017872 below
6 Jun 1847 -1.8706521 below

我創建了一個變數來指示值是高于還是低于 0。然后我使用 highcharter 的列繪圖函式進行繪圖：

colors <- c("slateblue","firebrick")
df %>%
hchart("column", hcaes(x = date, y = values, group = color)) %>%
  hc_title(text = "My Chart Title",
           align =  "center",
           style = list(
             fontSize = '2em',
             color = "#000000"
           ))  %>% 
  hc_legend(enabled = FALSE) %>%
  hc_colors(colors)

其中產生：

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

一個ggplot()版本facet_wrap()

樣本資料：

  df<-read.table(header=T,text=
    "Year   January February March April    May     June    July    August  October September November December
     1847   0.031   0.099  -1.585   1.170   1.763  -0.260   0.746   1.129  -0.324   0.445   2.459   1.760  
     1848  -0.792   1.770   0.757  -1.023   0.691  -1.780   1.867   2.641  -2.546  -2.436  -0.842   2.548  
     1849   2.419   2.767  -0.562  -0.990  -0.517  -3.210   1.203   0.701  -2.234  -0.078   0.802  -1.238  
     1850  -0.163   4.134  -2.216   0.965  -1.157   0.403   0.305   0.148  -2.077  -2.701   2.390   2.358  
     1851   3.293   1.028   1.504  -1.658  -1.534  -1.621  -5.395   4.679   1.852   0.777  -1.769   1.742  
     1852   1.464   0.411  -2.502  -1.597   0.245   0.093  -1.134   2.943  -2.021  -1.646  -0.930   1.029")

示例代碼：

 library(lubridate)
 library(ggplot)

df_melt<-melt(df, id.var="Year")
df_melt$Year<- as.factor(df_melt$Year)


ggplot(df_melt, aes(x=value, y=variable, group=Year))    
geom_col(aes(fill=value)) theme_bw()  
  facet_wrap(~as.factor(Year)) 
  scale_fill_gradient(low="lightyellow", high="red")   
  labs(x="", y="", title="", fill="r")   
  theme_bw() 
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5,  face="bold", size=20, color="black"))   
  theme(axis.title.x = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black")) 
  theme(axis.title.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black")) 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text( hjust = 1,  face="bold", size=14, color="black") ) 
  theme(axis.text.y = element_text( hjust = 1,  face="bold", size=14, color="black") ) 
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) 
  theme(legend.title = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 16,face="bold"),
        legend.text = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 14,face="bold"),
        legend.position="right",
        plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) 
theme(strip.text.x = element_text(size = 16, colour = "black",family="Times", face="bold"))

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

您需要整理資料并為列命名，以便以后識別它們。我們可以使用reshape2：

names(df) <- c("Year", month.name)
df <- melt(df, id.var = "Year", variable.name = "Month")

使用這樣格式化的資料，我們只需要使用正確的 aes in ggplot：

ggplot(df, aes(x = Month, y = value, group = Year, color = factor(Year)))  
  geom_line()   geom_point()

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

df %>% 
  pivot_longer(
    -year
  ) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x = year, y=value, color=factor(name), group=name))  
  geom_point()  
  geom_line()

像這樣的東西？

library(tidyverse)

colnames(df) <- c("year", "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December")

df %>% 
  pivot_longer(
    -year
  ) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x = name, y=value, color=factor(year), group=year))  
  geom_point()  
  geom_line()

標籤：r

上一篇：從資料框R中提取某些列

下一篇：如何同時使用ifelse和group_by？