我正在嘗試制作一個腳本,該腳本將創建一百個名為 log-01、log-02、log-03 等的檔案,每個檔案中都包含“1”而沒有任何回圈,但它總是給出錯誤“模糊重定向
#!bin/bash
echo "1">log-{01..100}
我嘗試在 log-{01..100} 之前加上 $ 或將其放在引號中,但沒有任何幫助。
uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
輸出只能重定向到單個檔案,不能重定向到多個檔案。
如果你想要多個輸出檔案,你可以使用tee:
#!/bin/bash
echo '1' | tee log-{01..99} log-100
這將創建名為 log-01、log-02、...、log-98、log-99 和 log-100 的檔案。
請注意,上述內容僅適用于從 4.0 版開始的 bash。如果您的 bash 較舊并且不支持使用前導零格式化大括號擴展,則可以使用帶有命令替換的普通舊 shell:
#!/bin/sh
echo '1' | tee $(printf 'log-d ' $(seq 100))
# or formatting with GNU sed directly:
echo '1' | tee $(seq -f 'log-g' 100)
這是不能參考擴展的少數用例之一,因此可以在擴展后進行欄位拆分。
uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
您不能重定向到多個檔案。正如已經指出的那樣,您可以使用tee,或者您可以執行以下操作:
printf '%s\n' {01..100} | xargs -P 100 I {} sh -c 'echo 1 > log-{}'
您可以使用-P來控制并行運行的行程數。
或者,如果您使用的是支持它的平臺,例如大多數 Linux 發行版,您可以使用 GNU parallel:
printf '%s\n' {01..100} | parallel "echo 1 > log-{}"
或者您可以使用更好的工具來提供更簡單的方法來執行此操作。例如,在awk:
awk 'BEGIN{for(i=1;i<=100;i ){print "1" > "log-"sprintf("%.2d",i) }}'
您可能會在某些系統上遇到太多打開檔案的問題,但如果您使用gawk(GNU awk) 執行此操作則不會。如果您不能使用gawk,請嘗試:
mawk 'BEGIN{for(i=1;i<=100;i ){file="log-"sprintf("%.2d",i); print "1" > file; close(file)}}'
awk 方法的主要優點是速度。例如,如果創建 10,000 個檔案:
$ time ( printf '%s\n' {01..10000} | xargs -P 100 -I {} sh -c 'echo 1 > log-{}' )
real 0m4.375s
user 0m20.996s
sys 0m7.308s
$ time ( printf '%s\n' {01..10000} | parallel -j 100 "echo 1 > log-{}")
real 0m12.640s
user 0m21.504s
sys 0m12.414s
$ time gawk 'BEGIN{for(i=1;i<=10000;i ){print "1" > "log-"sprintf("%.2d",i) }}'
real 0m0.954s
user 0m0.803s
sys 0m0.148s
$ time gawk 'BEGIN{for(i=1;i<=10000;i ){f="log-"sprintf("%.2d",i); print "1" > f; close(f) }}'
real 0m0.133s
user 0m0.020s
sys 0m0.109s
正如您在上面看到的,awk即使并行運行具有 100 個作業的其他工具也明顯更快。外殼很慢。
uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
您的命令echo "1">log-{01..100}由 bash 擴展為等效行:
echo "1">log-001 log-002 log-003 log-004 log-005 log-006
并且該結構對于您的目的來說很奇怪/模棱兩可/錯誤。
一個好的解決方案是使用tee@knittl 建議的命令。tee獲取檔案串列并將標準輸入接收到的輸入寫入其中:
echo "1" | tee log-{1..100}
uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
檢查這個:
seq 100 | xargs -i sh -c 'inputNo=$(printf d {}); echo "1" > log-$inputNo'
xargs 是上帝的命令。
uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
另一個解決方案bash:
. <(printf 'echo 1 >log-%s\n' {01..99} 100)
uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
gawk -p- -be 'BEGIN { '"$( jot -w 'print ("1")>(__=sprintf("log-%.f.txt", %d)); close(__);' 100 )"' }'
# gawk profile, created Mon Oct 10 14:23:07 2022
# BEGIN rule(s)
BEGIN {
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 1))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 2))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 3))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 4))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 5))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 6))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 7))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 8))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 9))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 10))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 11))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 12))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 13))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 14))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 15))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 16))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 17))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 18))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 19))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 20))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 21))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 22))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 23))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 24))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 25))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 26))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 27))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 28))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 29))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 30))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 31))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 32))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 33))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 34))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 35))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 36))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 37))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 38))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 39))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 40))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 41))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 42))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 43))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 44))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 45))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 46))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 47))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 48))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 49))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 50))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 51))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 52))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 53))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 54))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 55))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 56))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 57))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 58))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 59))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 60))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 61))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 62))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 63))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 64))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 65))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 66))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 67))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 68))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 69))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 70))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 71))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 72))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 73))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 74))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 75))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 76))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 77))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 78))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 79))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 80))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 81))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 82))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 83))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 84))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 85))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 86))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 87))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 88))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 89))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 90))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 91))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 92))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 93))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 94))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 95))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 96))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 97))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 98))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 99))
1 close(__)
1 print("1") > (__ = sprintf("log-.f.txt", 100))
1 close(__)
}
head *
==> log-00001.txt <==
1
==> log-00002.txt <==
1
==> log-00003.txt <==
1
==> log-00004.txt <==
1
==> log-00005.txt <==
1
...
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標籤:linux重击壳脚本脚本
