sqlmap

sqlmap is released under the terms of the GPLv2, which means that any derivative work must be distributed without further restrictions on the rights granted by the General Public License itself.

下載&升級

git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap.git sqlmap-dev

pip install --upgrade sqlmap
python sqlmap.py --update

git pull

獲取幫助

python sqlmap.py -h
python sqlmap.py -hh

使用

Usage: python sqlmap.py [options]

Options:
  -h, --help            Show basic help message and exit
  -hh                   Show advanced help message and exit
  --version             Show program's version number and exit
  -v VERBOSE            Verbosity level: 0-6 (default 1)

確定目標

Target:
    At least one of these options has to be provided to define the target(s)
    至少使用下列一個選項用來確定目標

    -u URL, --url=URL   Target URL (e.g. "http://www.site.com/vuln.php?id=1")
    -d DIRECT           Connection string for direct database connection
                        直接資料庫連接的連接字串
    -l LOGFILE          Parse target(s) from Burp or WebScarab proxy log file
                        通過Burp或WebScarab的日志檔案確定目標
    -m BULKFILE         Scan multiple targets given in a textual file
                        通過給出的txt檔案掃描多個目標
    -r REQUESTFILE      Load HTTP request from a file
                        從一個檔案中加載HTTP請求
    -g GOOGLEDORK       Process Google dork results as target URLs
                        將Google Dork結果作為目標URL進行處理
    -c CONFIGFILE       Load options from a configuration INI file
                        從配置INI檔案中加載選項

請求配置

Request:
  These options can be used to specify how to connect to the target URL

  -A AGENT, --user..  HTTP User-Agent header value
  -H HEADER, --hea..  Extra header (e.g. "X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1")
  --method=METHOD     Force usage of given HTTP method (e.g. PUT)
  --data=DATA         Data string to be sent through POST (e.g. "id=1")
  --param-del=PARA..  Character used for splitting parameter values (e.g. &)
  --cookie=COOKIE     HTTP Cookie header value (e.g. "PHPSESSID=a8d127e..")
  --cookie-del=COO..  Character used for splitting cookie values (e.g. ;)
  --live-cookies=L..  Live cookies file used for loading up-to-date values
  --load-cookies=L..  File containing cookies in Netscape/wget format
  --drop-set-cookie   Ignore Set-Cookie header from response
  --mobile            Imitate smartphone through HTTP User-Agent header
  --random-agent      Use randomly selected HTTP User-Agent header value
  --host=HOST         HTTP Host header value
  --referer=REFERER   HTTP Referer header value
  --headers=HEADERS   Extra headers (e.g. "Accept-Language: fr\nETag: 123")
  --auth-type=AUTH..  HTTP authentication type (Basic, Digest, NTLM or PKI)
  --auth-cred=AUTH..  HTTP authentication credentials (name:password)
  --auth-file=AUTH..  HTTP authentication PEM cert/private key file
  --ignore-code=IG..  Ignore (problematic) HTTP error code (e.g. 401)
  --ignore-proxy      Ignore system default proxy settings
  --ignore-redirects  Ignore redirection attempts
  --ignore-timeouts   Ignore connection timeouts
  --proxy=PROXY       Use a proxy to connect to the target URL
  --proxy-cred=PRO..  Proxy authentication credentials (name:password)
  --proxy-file=PRO..  Load proxy list from a file
  --proxy-freq=PRO..  Requests between change of proxy from a given list
  --tor               Use Tor anonymity network
  --tor-port=TORPORT  Set Tor proxy port other than default
  --tor-type=TORTYPE  Set Tor proxy type (HTTP, SOCKS4 or SOCKS5 (default))
  --check-tor         Check to see if Tor is used properly
  --delay=DELAY       Delay in seconds between each HTTP request
  --timeout=TIMEOUT   Seconds to wait before timeout connection (default 30)
  --retries=RETRIES   Retries when the connection timeouts (default 3)
  --randomize=RPARAM  Randomly change value for given parameter(s)
  --safe-url=SAFEURL  URL address to visit frequently during testing
  --safe-post=SAFE..  POST data to send to a safe URL
  --safe-req=SAFER..  Load safe HTTP request from a file
  --safe-freq=SAFE..  Regular requests between visits to a safe URL
  --skip-urlencode    Skip URL encoding of payload data
  --csrf-token=CSR..  Parameter used to hold anti-CSRF token
  --csrf-url=CSRFURL  URL address to visit for extraction of anti-CSRF token
  --csrf-method=CS..  HTTP method to use during anti-CSRF token page visit
  --csrf-retries=C..  Retries for anti-CSRF token retrieval (default 0)
  --force-ssl         Force usage of SSL/HTTPS
  --chunked           Use HTTP chunked transfer encoded (POST) requests
  --hpp               Use HTTP parameter pollution method
  --eval=EVALCODE     Evaluate provided Python code before the request (e.g.
                      "import hashlib;id2=hashlib.md5(id).hexdigest()")

優化

Optimization:
    These options can be used to optimize the performance of sqlmap
    這些選項可以優化sqlmap的性能
    -o                  Turn on all optimization switches
                        打開所有優化開關
    --predict-output    Predict common queries output
                        預測常見的查詢輸出
    --keep-alive        Use persistent HTTP(s) connections
    --null-connection   Retrieve page length without actual HTTP response body
                        檢索頁面長度，無需實際HTTP回應正文
    --threads=THREADS   Max number of concurrent HTTP(s) requests (default 1)

注入

Injection:
    These options can be used to specify which parameters to test for,
    provide custom injection payloads and optional tampering scripts
    這些選項可用于指定要測驗的引數、提供自定義注入有效負載和可選篡改腳本，
    -p TESTPARAMETER    Testable parameter(s)
    --skip=SKIP         Skip testing for given parameter(s)
    --skip-static       Skip testing parameters that not appear to be dynamic
    --param-exclude=..  Regexp to exclude parameters from testing (e.g. "ses")
    --param-filter=P..  Select testable parameter(s) by place (e.g. "POST")
    --dbms=DBMS         Force back-end DBMS to provided value
                        強制后端的DBMS提供值
    --dbms-cred=DBMS..  DBMS authentication credentials (user:password)
    --os=OS             Force back-end DBMS operating system to provided value
    --invalid-bignum    Use big numbers for invalidating values
    --invalid-logical   Use logical operations for invalidating values
    --invalid-string    Use random strings for invalidating values
    --no-cast           Turn off payload casting mechanism
    --no-escape         Turn off string escaping mechanism
    --prefix=PREFIX     Injection payload prefix string
    --suffix=SUFFIX     Injection payload suffix string
    --tamper=TAMPER     Use given script(s) for tampering injection data

檢測

Detection:
    These options can be used to customize the detection phase
    這些選項可用于自定義檢測階段
    --level=LEVEL       Level of tests to perform (1-5, default 1)
    --risk=RISK         Risk of tests to perform (1-3, default 1)
    --string=STRING     String to match when query is evaluated to True
    --not-string=NOT..  String to match when query is evaluated to False
    --regexp=REGEXP     Regexp to match when query is evaluated to True
    --code=CODE         HTTP code to match when query is evaluated to True
    --smart             Perform thorough tests only if positive heuristic(s)
    --text-only         Compare pages based only on the textual content
    --titles            Compare pages based only on their titles

技術

Techniques:
    These options can be used to tweak testing of specific SQL injection
    techniques
    這些選項可用于調整特定SQL注入的測驗技術
    --technique=TECH..  SQL injection techniques to use (default "BEUSTQ")
    --time-sec=TIMESEC  Seconds to delay the DBMS response (default 5)
    --union-cols=UCOLS  Range of columns to test for UNION query SQL injection
    --union-char=UCHAR  Character to use for bruteforcing number of columns
    --union-from=UFROM  Table to use in FROM part of UNION query SQL injection
    --dns-domain=DNS..  Domain name used for DNS exfiltration attack
    --second-url=SEC..  Resulting page URL searched for second-order response
                        搜索二階回應的結果頁面URL
    --second-req=SEC..  Load second-order HTTP request from file

指紋

Fingerprint:
    -f, --fingerprint   Perform an extensive DBMS version fingerprint

列舉

Enumeration:
    These options can be used to enumerate the back-end database
    management system information, structure and data contained in the
    tables
    這些選項可用于列舉表中包含的后端資料庫管理系統資訊、結構和資料
    -a, --all           Retrieve everything
    -b, --banner        Retrieve DBMS banner
    --current-user      Retrieve DBMS current user
    --current-db        Retrieve DBMS current database
    --hostname          Retrieve DBMS server hostname
    --is-dba            Detect if the DBMS current user is DBA
    --users             Enumerate DBMS users
    --passwords         Enumerate DBMS users password hashes
    --privileges        Enumerate DBMS users privileges
    --roles             Enumerate DBMS users roles
    --dbs               Enumerate DBMS databases
    --tables            Enumerate DBMS database tables
    --columns           Enumerate DBMS database table columns
    --schema            Enumerate DBMS schema
    --count             Retrieve number of entries for table(s)
    --dump              Dump DBMS database table entries
    --dump-all          Dump all DBMS databases tables entries
    --search            Search column(s), table(s) and/or database name(s)
    --comments          Check for DBMS comments during enumeration
    --statements        Retrieve SQL statements being run on DBMS
    -D DB               DBMS database to enumerate
    -T TBL              DBMS database table(s) to enumerate
    -C COL              DBMS database table column(s) to enumerate
    -X EXCLUDE          DBMS database identifier(s) to not enumerate
    -U USER             DBMS user to enumerate
    --exclude-sysdbs    Exclude DBMS system databases when enumerating tables
    --pivot-column=P..  Pivot column name
    --where=DUMPWHERE   Use WHERE condition while table dumping
    --start=LIMITSTART  First dump table entry to retrieve
    --stop=LIMITSTOP    Last dump table entry to retrieve
    --first=FIRSTCHAR   First query output word character to retrieve
    --last=LASTCHAR     Last query output word character to retrieve
    --sql-query=SQLQ..  SQL statement to be executed
    --sql-shell         Prompt for an interactive SQL shell
    --sql-file=SQLFILE  Execute SQL statements from given file(s)

暴力攻擊

Brute force:
    These options can be used to run brute force checks
    這些選項被用于暴力攻擊
    --common-tables     Check existence of common tables
    --common-columns    Check existence of common columns
    --common-files      Check existence of common files

用戶自定義函式注入

User-defined function injection:
    These options can be used to create custom user-defined functions
    這些選項可用于創建自定義用戶定義的函式
    --udf-inject        Inject custom user-defined functions
    --shared-lib=SHLIB  Local path of the shared library

檔案系統訪問

File system access:
    These options can be used to access the back-end database management
    system underlying file system
    這些選項用于訪問資料庫管理系統后潛在的檔案系統
    --file-read=FILE..  Read a file from the back-end DBMS file system
    --file-write=FIL..  Write a local file on the back-end DBMS file system
    --file-dest=FILE..  Back-end DBMS absolute filepath to write to

作業系統訪問

Windows registry access:
    These options can be used to access the back-end database management
    system Windows registry

    --reg-read          Read a Windows registry key value
    --reg-add           Write a Windows registry key value data
    --reg-del           Delete a Windows registry key value
    --reg-key=REGKEY    Windows registry key
    --reg-value=REGVAL  Windows registry key value
    --reg-data=REGDATA  Windows registry key value data
    --reg-type=REGTYPE  Windows registry key value type

全域設定

General:
    These options can be used to set some general working parameters

    -s SESSIONFILE      Load session from a stored (.sqlite) file
    -t TRAFFICFILE      Log all HTTP traffic into a textual file
    --answers=ANSWERS   Set predefined answers (e.g. "quit=N,follow=N")
    --base64=BASE64P..  Parameter(s) containing Base64 encoded data
    --base64-safe       Use URL and filename safe Base64 alphabet (RFC 4648)
    --batch             Never ask for user input, use the default behavior
    --binary-fields=..  Result fields having binary values (e.g. "digest")
    --check-internet    Check Internet connection before assessing the target
    --cleanup           Clean up the DBMS from sqlmap specific UDF and tables
    --crawl=CRAWLDEPTH  Crawl the website starting from the target URL
    --crawl-exclude=..  Regexp to exclude pages from crawling (e.g. "logout")
    --csv-del=CSVDEL    Delimiting character used in CSV output (default ",")
    --charset=CHARSET   Blind SQL injection charset (e.g. "0123456789abcdef")
    --dump-format=DU..  Format of dumped data (CSV (default), HTML or SQLITE)
    --encoding=ENCOD..  Character encoding used for data retrieval (e.g. GBK)
    --eta               Display for each output the estimated time of arrival
    --flush-session     Flush session files for current target
    --forms             Parse and test forms on target URL
    --fresh-queries     Ignore query results stored in session file
    --gpage=GOOGLEPAGE  Use Google dork results from specified page number
    --har=HARFILE       Log all HTTP traffic into a HAR file
    --hex               Use hex conversion during data retrieval
    --output-dir=OUT..  Custom output directory path
    --parse-errors      Parse and display DBMS error messages from responses
    --preprocess=PRE..  Use given script(s) for preprocessing (request)
    --postprocess=PO..  Use given script(s) for postprocessing (response)
    --repair            Redump entries having unknown character marker (?)
    --save=SAVECONFIG   Save options to a configuration INI file
    --scope=SCOPE       Regexp for filtering targets
    --skip-heuristics   Skip heuristic detection of SQLi/XSS vulnerabilities
    --skip-waf          Skip heuristic detection of WAF/IPS protection
    --table-prefix=T..  Prefix used for temporary tables (default: "sqlmap")
    --test-filter=TE..  Select tests by payloads and/or titles (e.g. ROW)
    --test-skip=TEST..  Skip tests by payloads and/or titles (e.g. BENCHMARK)
    --web-root=WEBROOT  Web server document root directory (e.g. "/var/www")

混雜選項

Miscellaneous:
    These options do not fit into any other category

    -z MNEMONICS        Use short mnemonics (e.g. "flu,bat,ban,tec=EU")
    --alert=ALERT       Run host OS command(s) when SQL injection is found
    --beep              Beep on question and/or when SQLi/XSS/FI is found
    --dependencies      Check for missing (optional) sqlmap dependencies
    --disable-coloring  Disable console output coloring
    --list-tampers      Display list of available tamper scripts
    --offline           Work in offline mode (only use session data)
    --purge             Safely remove all content from sqlmap data directory
    --results-file=R..  Location of CSV results file in multiple targets mode
    --shell             Prompt for an interactive sqlmap shell
    --tmp-dir=TMPDIR    Local directory for storing temporary files
    --unstable          Adjust options for unstable connections
    --update            Update sqlmap
    --wizard            Simple wizard interface for beginner users

常用命令

python sqlmap.py -u "http://www.target.com/vuln.php"  --user -v 2  --method=POST --data="id=1" --param-del=";"
python sqlmap.py --url "http://www.target.com/vuln.php?id=1*"  --user -vv
python sqlmap.py --url "http://www.target.com/vuln.php?id=1"  -p id
python sqlmap.py --url "http://www.target.com/vuln.php?id=1&username=name"  --skip “username,id”
python sqlmap.py -l "log_file" --user
python sqlmap.py -m "multiples_file"
python sqlmap.py -r "request_file"
waybackurls www.target.com | python sqlmap.py  #  from piped-input
python sqlmap.py -g "inurl:\".php?id=1\""  # from Google dork
python sqlmap.py -c sqlmap.conf # from a configuration INI file

# multiples_file
www.target1.com/vuln1.php?q=foobar
www.target2.com/vuln2.asp?id=1
www.target3.com/vuln3/id/1*

# requsetfile
POST /vuln.php HTTP/1.1
Host: www.target.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0

id=1

直連資料庫

 python sqlmap.py -d "mysql://admin:admin@192.168.21.17:3306/testdb" -f --banner --dbs --user

cookie

--cookie, --cookie-del, --live-cookies, --load-cookies and --drop-set-cookie

user-agent

--user-agent, --random-agent

--host
--referer
--headers

HTTP認證

The three supported HTTP protocol authentication mechanisms are:

• Basic

• Digest

• NTLM

python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/mysql/basic/get_int.php?id=1"、
 --auth-type Basic --auth-cred "testuser:testpass"

HTTP協議私鑰身份驗證

–auth-file=key_file.txt

使用代理

--proxy, --proxy-cred, --proxy-file and --ignore-proxy

Tor 匿名網路

--tor, --tor-port, --tor-type and --check-tor

網路延遲設定

Option: --delay 默認沒有延遲設定

在超時之前等待的秒數

Option: --timeout=30

tamper腳本

tamper 腳本在sqlmap的tamper目錄之下，寫tamper腳本需要定義一個優先級和兩個函式

tamper腳本實體：

#!/usr/bin/env python

"""
Copyright (c) 2006-2021 sqlmap developers (http://sqlmap.org/)
See the file 'LICENSE' for copying permission
"""

from lib.core.convert import encodeBase64
from lib.core.enums import PRIORITY
# 這兩個庫的位置在sqlmap主目錄下lib目錄中，可以呼叫其他第三方庫

__priority__ = PRIORITY.LOW  
# 七個等級：LOWEST、LOWER、LOW、NORMAL、HIGH、HIGHER、HIGHEST
# 加載多個tamper，誰的優先級高，誰被優先使用

def dependencies():
    pass  # dependencies函式宣告該腳本適用/不適用的范圍，可以為空，

def tamper(payload, **kwargs):
    """
    Base64-encodes all characters in a given payload

    >>> tamper("1' AND SLEEP(5)#")
    'MScgQU5EIFNMRUVQKDUpIw=='
    """
    return encodeBase64(payload, binary=False) if payload else payload
    # 傳入值為原payload字串，回傳值值為經過加工后的payload

使用tamper腳本

python sqlmap.py --url "http://www.target.com/vuln.php?id=1*"  --tamper "space2commet,versionedmorekeywords.py"

sqlmap API

sqlmap API 本質是sqlmap打開一個web服務器，然后通過使用http協議與客戶端進行互動

開啟sqlmap API

python sqlmapapi.py -s
python sqlmapapi.py -s -H "0.0.0.0" -p 8775

sqlmap 客戶端命令列模式

python sqlmapapi.py -c
python sqlmapapi.py -c -H "192.168.1.101" -p 8775

命令列介面模式命令

api> help
help           顯示幫助資訊
new ARGS       開啟一個新的掃描任務
use TASKID     切換taskid
data           獲取當前任務回傳的資料
log            獲取當前任務的掃描日志
status         獲取當前任務的掃描狀態
option OPTION  獲取當前任務的選項
options        獲取當前任務的所有配置資訊
stop           停止當前任務
kill           殺死當前任務
list           顯示所有任務串列
flush          清空所有任務
exit           退出客戶端

基于HTTP協議的介面模式：

## “@get”就說明需要通過GET請求的，“@post”就說明需要通過POST請求的；
## POST請求需要修改HTTP頭中的Content-Type欄位為application/json
#輔助
@get('/error/401')    
@get("/task/new")
@get("/task/<taskid>/delete")

#Admin 命令
@get("/admin/list")
@get("/admin/<token>/list")
@get("/admin/flush")
@get("/admin/<token>/flush")

#sqlmap 核心互動命令
@get("/option/<taskid>/list")
@post("/option/<taskid>/get")
@post("/option/<taskid>/set")
@post("/scan/<taskid>/start")
@get("/scan/<taskid>/stop")
@get("/scan/<taskid>/kill")
@get("/scan/<taskid>/status")
@get("/scan/<taskid>/data")
@get("/scan/<taskid>/log/<start>/<end>")
@get("/scan/<taskid>/log")
@get("/download/<taskid>/<target>/<filename:path>")

腳本實體：

import requsets
r = requests.get("http://ip:port/task/new")  # 創建新任務
print(r.json())  # {"success": True, "taskid": taskid}
r = requests.post("http://ip:port/task/taskid/start", data=json.dump{"url":"http://host:port/target.php","data":"keyword=1"})
# 開啟新任務

剩下的，大家自行摸索吧