我有時間序列(日期時間、實體、值)和值中的一些 NA。如果所有實體的值 - 同一日期時間的 NA,則意味著資料收集存在差距。我需要強調那個時期。
我的示例腳本和資料:
library(tidyr)
library(ggplot2)
example.data1 <- data.frame( Instance = rep("A",11),
datetime = seq.POSIXt(as.POSIXct("2020-12-26 10:00:00"), as.POSIXct("2020-12-26 10:00:00") 15*10, "15 sec"),
Value = c(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,NA,NA,9,10)
)
example.data2 <- data.frame( Instance = rep("B",11),
datetime = seq.POSIXt(as.POSIXct("2020-12-26 10:00:00"), as.POSIXct("2020-12-26 10:00:00") 15*10, "15 sec"),
Value = c(1,2,NA,4,5,6,7,NA,NA,10,11)
)
example.data3 <- data.frame( Instance = rep("C",11),
datetime = seq.POSIXt(as.POSIXct("2020-12-26 10:00:00"), as.POSIXct("2020-12-26 10:00:00") 15*10, "15 sec"),
Value = c(2,3,4,5,NA,7,8,NA,NA,11,12)
)
example.data <- bind_rows(example.data1, example.data2, example.data3)
ggplot (data = example.data, aes(x=datetime,y=Value, color = Instance))
geom_line(size = 1.2)
theme_bw()
我的結果圖片:

我真正需要的是:

如何達到那個?
更新。
代碼是下面的答案無法正常作業。看那個:
example.data.gap <- example.data %>%
group_by(datetime) %>%
summarise(is_gap = all(is.na(Value))) %>%
# Start and End
mutate(xmin = lag(datetime), xmax = lead(datetime)) %>%
filter(is_gap)
結果是 2 個重疊間隔而不是 1 個:
# A tibble: 2 x 4
datetime is_gap xmin xmax
<dttm> <lgl> <dttm> <dttm>
1 2020-12-26 10:01:45 TRUE 2020-12-26 10:01:30 2020-12-26 10:02:00
2 2020-12-26 10:02:00 TRUE 2020-12-26 10:01:45 2020-12-26 10:02:15
圖片 - 如果我們使用 alpha,我們可以看到重疊:
ggplot(data = example.data, aes(x = datetime, y = Value, color = Instance))
geom_line(size = 1.2)
geom_rect(data = example.data.gap, aes(xmin = xmin, xmax = xmax, ymin = -Inf, ymax = Inf), fill = "grey95", alpha = 0.5, inherit.aes = FALSE)
theme_bw()

uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
輕微修改:
example.data.gap <- example.data %>%
group_by(datetime) %>%
summarise(is_gap = all(is.na(Value)), .groups = "drop") %>%
mutate(
grp = data.table::rleid(is_gap),
prevtime = lag(datetime),
nexttime = lead(datetime)
) %>%
filter(is_gap) %>%
group_by(grp) %>%
summarize(xmin = min(prevtime), xmax = max(nexttime), .groups = "drop")
ggplot(data = example.data, aes(x = datetime, y = Value, color = Instance))
geom_line(size = 1.2)
geom_rect(data = example.data.gap, aes(xmin = xmin, xmax = xmax, ymin = -Inf, ymax = Inf), fill = "grey95", alpha = 0.5, inherit.aes = FALSE)
theme_bw()

如果您還沒有data.table安裝,可以直接替換rleid(只有一個向量,不像 那樣可擴展data.table::rleid)是:
my_rleid <- function(x) { r <- rle(x)$lengths; rep(seq_along(r), times = r); }
uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
一種選擇是創建一個僅包含間隙以及間隙的開始和結束的資料框,并用于geom_rect“突出顯示”間隙:
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
example.data <- bind_rows(example.data1, example.data2, example.data3)
example.data.gap <- example.data %>%
group_by(datetime) %>%
summarise(is_gap = all(is.na(Value))) %>%
# Start and End
mutate(xmin = lag(datetime), xmax = lead(datetime)) %>%
filter(is_gap)
ggplot(data = example.data, aes(x = datetime, y = Value, color = Instance))
geom_line(size = 1.2)
geom_rect(data = example.data.gap, aes(xmin = xmin, xmax = xmax, ymin = -Inf, ymax = Inf), fill = "grey95", inherit.aes = FALSE)
theme_bw()

uj5u.com熱心網友回復:
基于 Stefan 的想法,但ggforce::geom_mark_rect改為使用
你可以玩弄寬度,但我有點喜歡它不會填滿整個間隙
example.data.gap <- example.data %>%
group_by(datetime) %>%
filter(all(is.na(Value)))
ylims<- range(example.data$Value, na.rm = TRUE)
ggplot(data = example.data, aes(x = datetime, y = Value))
geom_line(size = 1.2, aes(color = Instance))
ggforce::geom_mark_rect(data = example.data.gap, aes(x = datetime, fill = is.na(Value),
y = seq(ylims[1], ylims[2], length = nrow(example.data.gap))))

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