SSM 搭建筆記
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ssm 的組成部分 spring + spring mvc + mybatis
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本教程使用環境為 Java 8 ，idea 以及 maven
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開始教程：
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使用idea創建maven web 專案，注意??一定要選擇自己配置好的阿里云maven，否則會創建失敗
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在控制臺中看到 build success 視為創建成功 ， 如果創建失敗請參考第一條，第一次創建是加載速度較慢請耐心等待，
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在創建完成后， 找到 pom.xml (專案依賴管理檔案) 在dependencies中寫入以下代碼：
< y> <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId> <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId> <version>1.7.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-lang</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- c3p0 資料庫連接池 start --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <!-- c3p0 資料庫連接池 end --> <!-- jsp-servlet支持 start --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId> <artifactId>jstl-impl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- jsp-servlet支持 end --> <!-- 標簽庫 start --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>taglibs-standard-spec</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> </dependency> <!-- 標簽庫 end --> <!-- apache的commons系列包 start --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-collections</groupId> <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId> <version>3.2.1</version> </dependency> <!-- apache的commons系列包 end --> <!-- apache 工具包 start --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId> <artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId> <version>2.6.0</version> </dependency> <!-- apache 工具包 end --> <!-- spring start --> <dependency> <groupId>aopalliance</groupId> <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>4.0.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-instrument-tomcat</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring start --> <!-- mysql --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.46</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis start --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.0.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.0.1</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis end --> <!--日志管理 start--> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <!--日志管理 end--> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail --> <!--getter setter 注解 start--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.16.10</version> </dependency> <!--getter setter 注解 end--> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.13</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ezmorph</groupId> <artifactId>ezmorph</artifactId> <version>1.0.6</version> </dependency> <!--json start--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.15</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.13</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jackson.verson}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jackson.verson}</version> </dependency> <!--json end--> -
在properties中填入如下代碼
<spring.version>4.0.6.RELEASE</spring.version> <jackson.verson>2.8.7</jackson.verson> -
在main檔案夾下創建 Java(藍色) 源檔案夾 和 resources(灰色帶三杠) 資源檔案夾
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在Java 源檔案夾下創建如下包：
- cn
- kgc
- ssm
- common（存放專案中的公共檔案，比如統一回傳類）
- controller （專案中的控制層）
- dao （專案的資料訪問層）
- service （專案中的業務邏輯層介面）
- impl（專案中業務邏輯層介面的實作類）
- util(專案中的工具類，比如分頁工具類以及日期轉換類)
- vo(view - object 視圖物件，當頁面中的展示內容和物體類不符時使用vo類)
- entity( 物體類 ，主要負責Java中的屬性和資料庫欄位一一對應)
- ssm
- kgc
- cn
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在resources 檔案夾下創建如下檔案：
- mappers（sql 映射檔案的集散地，這里面的xml檔案要和dao層中的介面一一對應）
- applicationContext.xml （spring 組態檔，這里主要配置專案的資料源，會話工廠之類的）
- applicationContext-mvc.xml （spring mvc 組態檔 ，這里主要配置mvc方向相關內容如視圖決議器，靜態資源配置等等）
- db.properties (這里主要存放資料庫相關的資源配置內容)
- logback.xml （這里配置日志的相關資訊）
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打開web.xml 更換其頭部資訊 更換3.0是因為2.3 不支持EL運算式的執行
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> -
在web.xml 中寫入如下代碼
<!-- 監聽背景關系加載 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 背景關系初始化， 配置spring 組態檔 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 配置 spring mvc --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 設定過濾器， 主要用來解決中文亂碼問題 --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> -
applicationContext.xml 配置內容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- todo 開啟注解掃描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.kgc"/> <!-- todo 讀取組態檔 在組態檔路徑時一定要添加 classpath* --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:db.properties"/> <!-- todo 配置資料源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> </bean> <!-- todo 配置會話工廠 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- todo 這里在讀取映射檔案時也是一樣的 需要加classpath --> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mappers/*Mapper.xml"/> <!-- todo 給物體類設定別名 --> <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="cn.kgc.ssm.entity"/> </bean> <!-- todo 掃描dao層 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="cn.kgc.ssm.dao"/> </bean> <!-- todo spring掌管事務管理 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!-- todo 由于這次練習沒有涉及到增刪改 所以不寫宣告式事務！ --> </beans> -
applicationContext-mvc.xml 配置內容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- todo 開啟注解掃描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.kgc"/> <!-- todo 配置視圖決議器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!-- 標注控制層 --> <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService2"/> <!-- 配置靜態資源 --> <mvc:resources mapping="/statics/**" location="/statics/"/> <bean id="conversionService2" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean"> <property name="converters"> <set> <bean class="cn.kgc.ssm.util.DataConverter"/> </set> </property> </bean> <!-- 組態檔上傳 --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="40960000000"/> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="4096"/> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver"> <property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/> <property name="exceptionAttribute" value="e"/> </bean> </beans>
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專案中注解介紹
- @service — 主要使用在service層的實作類上，用來標注當前層為service
- @Controller — 主要使用在controller層 ，標注當前類為控制層
- @RequestMapping — 此注解可用在類上也可用在方法上，作用是被標注的方法可用來處理網路請求
- @ResponseBody — 主要用在方法上，用來告訴前端控制器不走視圖決議器，直接將資料回傳給前端
- @RequestParam — 用來標注控制層引數，如果前端傳遞的引數名與控制層引數名不一致可用此注解來保持一致，或者引數要求必填也可用此注解來強調
- @PathVariable — 用來從路徑中獲取引數
- @Slf4j — 用在類上，當前類全類可使用 log這個日志記錄工具
- @Resource — 用來注入資料型別
- @Param — 當mybatis dao 層引數超過兩個時使用此注解來區分引數
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