Python爬蟲，30秒爬取500+篇微信文章

引言

由于作業需要，給公司前端做了一個小工具，使用python語言，爬取搜狗微信的微信文章，附搜狗微信官方網址

搜狗微信：https://weixin.sogou.com/

從熱門到時尚圈，并且包括每個欄目下面的額加載更多內容選項

一共加起來500+篇文章

需求

爬取這些文章獲取到每篇文章的標題和右側的圖片，將爬取到的圖片以規定的命名方式輸出到規定檔案夾中，并將文章標題和圖片名稱對應輸出到Excel和txt中

效果

完整代碼如下

Package                   Version
------------------------- ---------
altgraph                  0.17
certifi                   2020.6.20
chardet                   3.0.4
future                    0.18.2
idna                      2.10
lxml                      4.5.2
pefile                    2019.4.18
pip                       19.0.3
pyinstaller               4.0
pyinstaller-hooks-contrib 2020.8
pywin32-ctypes            0.2.0
requests                  2.24.0
setuptools                40.8.0
urllib3                   1.25.10
XlsxWriter                1.3.3
xlwt                      1.3.0

# !/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import os

import requests
import xlsxwriter
from lxml import etree

# 請求微信文章的頭部資訊
headers = {
    'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
    'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
    'Host': 'weixin.sogou.com',
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/85.0.4183.102 Safari/537.36'
}
# 下載圖片的頭部資訊
headers_images = {
    'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
    'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
    'Host': 'img01.sogoucdn.com',
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/85.0.4183.102 Safari/537.36'
}
a = 0
all = []

# 創建根目錄
save_path = './微信文章'
folder = os.path.exists(save_path)
if not folder:
    os.makedirs(save_path)
# 創建圖片檔案夾
images_path = '%s/圖片' % save_path
folder = os.path.exists(images_path)
if not folder:
    os.makedirs(images_path)
for i in range(1, 9):
    for j in range(1, 5):
        url = "https://weixin.sogou.com/pcindex/pc/pc_%d/%d.html" % (i, j)
        # 請求搜狗文章的url地址
        response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers).text.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('utf-8')
        # 構造了一個XPath決議物件并對HTML文本進行自動修正
        html = etree.HTML(response)
        # XPath使用路徑運算式來選取用戶名
        xpath = html.xpath('/html/body/li')
        for content in xpath:
            # 計數
            a = a + 1
            # 文章標題
            title = content.xpath('./div[@class="txt-box"]/h3//text()')[0]
            article = {}
            article['title'] = title
            article['id'] = '%d.jpg' % a
            all.append(article)
            # 圖片路徑
            path = 'http:' + content.xpath('./div[@class="img-box"]//img/@src')[0]
            # 下載文章圖片
            images = requests.get(url=path, headers=headers_images).content
            try:
                with open('%s/%d.jpg' % (images_path, a), "wb") as f:
                    print('正在下載第%d篇文章圖片' % a)
                    f.write(images)
            except Exception as e:
                print('下載文章圖片失敗%s' % e)
# 資訊存盤在excel中
# 創建一個workbookx
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('%s/Excel格式.xlsx' % save_path)
# 創建一個worksheet
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
print('正在生成Excel...')
try:
    for i in range(0, len(all) + 1):
        # 第一行用于寫入表頭
        if i == 0:
            worksheet.write(i, 0, 'title')
            worksheet.write(i, 1, 'id')
            continue
        worksheet.write(i, 0, all[i - 1]['title'])
        worksheet.write(i, 1, all[i - 1]['id'])
    workbook.close()
except Exception as e:
    print('生成Excel失敗%s' % e)
print("生成Excel成功")
print('正在生成txt...')
try:
    with open('%s/陣列格式.txt' % save_path, "w") as f:
        f.write(str(all))
except Exception as e:
    print('生成txt失敗%s' % e)
print('生成txt成功')
print('共爬取%d篇文章' % a)

最后將程式打包成exe檔案，在windows系統下可以直接運行程式

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