天氣預報app-有解無憂

文章目錄

- 一、在Java代碼中初始化界面
- 二、子執行緒中開啟網路請求
- 三、網路請求回傳Json資料決議
- 四、界面呈現
- - 1. 獲取天氣資料并展示
  - 2. 根據天氣情況顯示對應圖片
  - 3. 顯示逐小時天氣情況
  - 4. 點擊事件監聽器
- 五、資料庫創建和功能實作
- 六、城市管理界面功能實作
- - 1. listView配接器配置
  - 4. 控制元件監聽事件
- 七、添加城市界面功能實作
- - 1. 配接器配置、通過省會添加城市功能實作
  - 4. 通過搜索添加城市功能實作
  - 5. 通過廣播接收城市資訊更新訊息

一、在Java代碼中初始化界面

在MainActivity中初始化ViewPager界面

    private void initPager() {
        //創建Fragment物件添加到ViewPager資料源當中
        for (int i=0;i<cityList.size();i++){  //使用for回圈將城市集合中的內容添加到fragment集合中
            WeatherFragment weatherFragment = new WeatherFragment(); 
            Bundle bundle = new Bundle();    
            bundle.putString("city",cityList.get(i));  //使用bundle存盤城市名，傳到fragment中
            weatherFragment.setArguments(bundle);
            fragmentList.add(weatherFragment);
        }
        //將fragment集合傳入fragment配接器中
                FragmentPagerAdapter fragmentPagerAdapter = new FragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(),fragmentList);
        showVp.setAdapter(fragmentPagerAdapter);
    }

在WeatherFragment中獲取從MainActivity中傳入的城市

//通過activity傳值獲取到當前fragment加載的是哪個地方的天氣情況
Bundle arguments = getArguments();
String city=arguments.getString("city");
getWeatherCity(city);

撰寫FragmentPagerAdapter用于fragment的顯示

public class FragmentPagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {
    List<Fragment> fragmentList;  //主界面傳入的fragmenr的集合
    public FragmentPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fragmentManager,List<Fragment> fragments) {
        super(fragmentManager);
        this.fragmentList=fragments;
    }
    @NonNull
    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position) {  //根據位置獲取集合條目內容
        return fragmentList.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {   //獲取集合條目個數
        return fragmentList.size();
    }
}

二、子執行緒中開啟網路請求

撰寫NetUtil類，在類中撰寫兩個靜態方法doGet和getWeatherOfCity

doGet方法用于從網路中獲取資料，getWeatherOfCity方法用于拼接url之后，呼叫doGet方法傳入url獲取天氣資訊

    public static final String URL_WEATHER="https://tianqiapi.com/api?unescape=1&version=v1&appid=22444194&appsecret=EG7XHDop";
    public static String doGet(String urlString){
        String result="";
        String line;
        StringBuilder stringBuilder=null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader=null;
        //連接網路
        HttpURLConnection connection=null;
        InputStreamReader isr=null;
        try {
            URL url=new URL(urlString);
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");  //鏈接方式
            connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);   //超時時間
            //從連接中讀取資料(二進制)
            InputStream inputStream=connection.getInputStream();
            //對資料流進行加工
            isr=new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
            //創建緩沖區，將二進制流送入
            bufferedReader=new BufferedReader(isr);
            //從緩沖區一行一行讀取字串
            stringBuilder=new StringBuilder();
            while ((line=bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
                stringBuilder.append(line); //進行拼接
            }
            result=stringBuilder.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                //關閉流
                connection.disconnect();
                bufferedReader.close();
                isr.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
    //拼接出來獲取天氣的url
    public static String getWeatherOfCity(String city){
        String url=URL_WEATHER+"&city="+city;
        Log.i("Aye","URL:"+url);
        Log.i("Aye","URLResult:"+doGet(url));
        return  doGet(url);
    }

撰寫getWeatherCity方法，開啟子執行緒，呼叫NetUtil類中的靜態方法getWeatherOfCity來獲取天氣資料，并通過handler將資料傳遞給主執行緒

private void getWeatherCity(String selectCity) {
    //開啟子執行緒，請求網路
    new Thread(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            //請求網路
            String weatherOfCity=NetUtil.getWeatherOfCity(selectCity);
            //使用handler將資料傳遞給主執行緒
            Message message=Message.obtain();
            message.what=0;
            message.obj=weatherOfCity;
            handler.sendMessage(message);
        }
    }).start();
}

三、網路請求回傳Json資料決議

使用在線工具決議Json資料并生成JavaBean匯入包中

[外鏈圖片轉存失敗,源站可能有防盜鏈機制,建議將圖片保存下來直接上傳(img-zEJn14mR-1632214033044)(C:\Users\paranoia\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20210915094807564.png)]

接收子執行緒傳遞的資料并使用gson決議

    private Handler handler=new Handler(Looper.myLooper()){
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            if (msg.what==0){
                //主執行緒收到的天氣資料
                String weather= (String) msg.obj;
                Log.i("Aye","主執行緒收到的天氣資料："+weather);
                //使用gson決議
                Gson gson=new Gson();
                JsonRootBean jsonRootBean=gson.fromJson(weather, JsonRootBean.class);
               updateWeather(jsonRootBean); //更新天氣資料并顯示
            }
        }
    };

四、界面呈現

1. 獲取天氣資料并展示

撰寫updateWeather方法，用于獲取資料并顯示在界面上

    //資料顯示
    private void updateWeather(JsonRootBean jsonRootBean) {
        if (jsonRootBean!=null){
            List<Data> dayWeather = jsonRootBean.getData(); //獲取每一天的資料
            Data todayWeather = dayWeather.get(0);//獲取今天的資料
            //不為空則顯示今天天氣資料
            if (todayWeather!=null){
                tempTv.setText(todayWeather.getTem1());
                mainWeatherTv.setText(todayWeather.getWea());;
                todayTv.setText("今天："+todayWeather.getWea());
                todayAirTv.setText("空氣："+todayWeather.getAir_level());
                todayTempTv.setText(todayWeather.getTem()+"~"+todayWeather.getTem2());
                todayIconIv.setImageResource(getImg(todayWeather.getWea_img()));
                windTv.setText(todayWeather.getWin_speed());
                humidityTv.setText(todayWeather.getHumidity());
                pressureTv.setText(todayWeather.getPressure()+"hPa");
                windTv1.setText(todayWeather.getWin().get(0));
                sunriseTv.setText("日出："+todayWeather.getSunrise());
                sunsetTv.setText("日落："+todayWeather.getSunset());
            }
            //獲取明天的資料
            Data tomorrowWeather = dayWeather.get(1);
            //不為空則顯示明天資料
            if (tomorrowWeather!=null){
                tomorrowTv.setText("明天："+tomorrowWeather.getWea());
                tomorrowAirTv.setText("空氣："+tomorrowWeather.getAir_level());
                tomorrowTempTv.setText(tomorrowWeather.getTem()+"~"+tomorrowWeather.getTem2());
                tomorrowIconIv.setImageResource(getImg(tomorrowWeather.getWea_img()));
            }
            //獲取后天的資料
            Data afterWeather = dayWeather.get(2);
            //不為空則顯示后天天氣資料
            if (afterWeather!=null){
                afterTv.setText("后天："+afterWeather.getWea());
                afterAirTv.setText("空氣："+afterWeather.getAir_level());
                afterTempTv.setText(afterWeather.getTem()+"~"+afterWeather.getTem2());
                afterIconIv.setImageResource(getImg(afterWeather.getWea_img()));
            }
            //獲取指數資訊
            List<Index> index = todayWeather.getIndex();
            //不為空則顯示
            if (index!=null) {
                //紫外線指數
                UVTitle = index.get(0).getTitle();
                UVLevel = index.get(0).getLevel();
                UVDesc = index.get(0).getDesc();
                //穿衣指數
                clotheTitle = index.get(3).getTitle();
                clotheLevel = index.get(3).getLevel();
                clotheDesc = index.get(3).getDesc();
                //運動指數
                sportTitle=index.get(1).getTitle();
                sportLevel=index.get(1).getLevel();
                sportDesc=index.get(1).getDesc();
                //洗車指數
                carTitle=index.get(4).getTitle();
                carLevel=index.get(4).getLevel();
                carDesc=index.get(4).getDesc();
                //血糖指數
                sickTitle=index.get(2).getTitle();
                sickLevel=index.get(2).getLevel();
                sickDesc=index.get(2).getDesc();
                //空氣污染指數
                airTitle=index.get(5).getTitle();
                airLevel=index.get(5).getLevel();
                airDesc=index.get(5).getDesc();
            }
            //獲取逐小時天氣情況，傳遞給Adapter用于顯示
            List<Hours> timeBean = todayWeather.getHours();
            weatherAdapter=new WeatherAdapter(getActivity(),timeBean);
            LinearLayoutManager manager=new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity(), RecyclerView.HORIZONTAL,false);
            hoursRv.setAdapter(weatherAdapter);
            hoursRv.setLayoutManager(manager);
        }
    }

2. 根據天氣情況顯示對應圖片

撰寫getImg方法用于根據天氣情況顯示圖片

    private int getImg(String wea_img) {
        int result = 0;
        switch (wea_img) {
            case "qing": //晴天
                result=R.mipmap.sun;
                break;
            case "yin":  //陰天
                result=R.mipmap.yin;
                break;
            case "yu":  //雨天
                result=R.mipmap.yu;
                break;
            case "yun":    //多云
                result=R.mipmap.yun;
                break;
            case "bingbao":   //冰雹
                result=R.mipmap.bingbao;
                break;
            case "wu":   //霧
                result=R.mipmap.wu;
                break;
            case "shachen":  //沙塵暴
                result=R.mipmap.shachen;
                break;
            case "lei":    //雷
                result=R.mipmap.lei;
                break;
            case "xue":  //雪
                result=R.mipmap.xue;
                break;
            default:  //如果都不是則顯示晴
                result=R.mipmap.sun;
                break;
        }
        return result;
    }

3. 顯示逐小時天氣情況

撰寫WeatherAdapter，用于顯示逐小時天氣情況

public class WeatherAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<WeatherAdapter.WeatherViewHolder> {
    private Context context;  //背景關系
    private List<Hours>  timeBean;   //天氣資訊

    public WeatherAdapter(Context context, List<Hours> timeBean) {
        this.context = context;
        this.timeBean = timeBean;
    }
    @NonNull
    @Override  //創建ViewHolder
    public WeatherViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view= LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.recylerview_item,parent,false);
        WeatherViewHolder weatherViewHolder=new WeatherViewHolder(view);
        return weatherViewHolder;
    }
    @Override   //系結ViewHolder，顯示資料
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull WeatherViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Hours hoursBean = timeBean.get(position); //根據位置獲取該小時天氣資訊并顯示
        holder.timeTv.setText(hoursBean.getHours());
        holder.timeWeatherTv.setText(hoursBean.getWea());
        holder.timeTempTv.setText(hoursBean.getTem());
        holder.timeWindTv.setText(hoursBean.getWin()+" "+hoursBean.getWin_speed());
    }

    @Override  //獲取條目個數
    public int getItemCount() {
        return timeBean.size();
    }
    //ViewHolder
    class WeatherViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        TextView timeTv;
        TextView timeTempTv;
        TextView timeWeatherTv;
        TextView timeWindTv;
        public WeatherViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {   //物件與控制元件系結
            super(itemView);
            timeTv = itemView.findViewById(R.id.timeTv);
            timeTempTv = itemView.findViewById(R.id.timeTempTv);
            timeWeatherTv = itemView.findViewById(R.id.timeWeatherTv);
            timeWindTv = itemView.findViewById(R.id.timeWindTv);
        }
    }
}

4. 點擊事件監聽器

設定點擊事件，用于顯示各種指數的詳細資訊和跳轉瀏覽器查看更多天氣

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()){
            case R.id.webTv:   //點擊"查看更多天氣"，跳轉到瀏覽器界面
                Uri uri=Uri.parse("https://tianqi.qq.com/index.htm");
                Intent intent=new Intent();
                intent.setAction("android.intent.action.VIEW");
                intent.setData(uri);
                startActivity(intent);
                break;
            case R.id.clotheIv:   //點擊穿衣指數彈出對話框
                showAlertDialog(clotheTitle,clotheLevel,clotheDesc);
                break;
            case R.id.UVIv:  //點擊紫外線指數
                showAlertDialog(UVTitle,UVLevel,UVDesc);
                break;
            case R.id.sportIv:  //點擊運動指數
                showAlertDialog(sportTitle,sportLevel,sportDesc);
                break;
            case R.id.carIv:  //點擊洗車指數
                showAlertDialog(carTitle,carLevel,carDesc);
                break;
            case R.id.airPollutionIv:  //點擊空氣污染指數
                showAlertDialog(airTitle,airLevel,airDesc);
                break;
            case R.id.sickIv:  //點擊血糖指數
                showAlertDialog(sickTitle,sickLevel,sickDesc);
                break;
        }
    }

撰寫showAlertDialog方法，用于顯示對話框

    private void showAlertDialog(String title, String level, String desc) {
        AlertDialog.Builder builder= new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
        builder.setTitle(title).setMessage("\n"+level+"\n\n"+desc).create().show();
    }

五、資料庫創建和功能實作

撰寫CityDBHelper，繼承SQLiteOpenHelper并重寫方法

  private static SQLiteDatabase db;
    ContentValues values=new ContentValues();
    private long flag=0;

    public CityDBHelper(@Nullable Context context) {
        super(context, "city.db", null, 1);
        db=this.getWritableDatabase();
    }
    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        //創建表
        String sql = "create table city(id integer primary key autoincrement,city varchar(20) unique not null)";
        db.execSQL(sql);
    }
//添加資料
    public boolean addCity(String city){
        values.put("city",city);
        flag=db.insert("city",null,values);
        return flag>0?true:false;
    }
//根據城市名洗掉資料
    public boolean deleteCity(String city){
        flag=db.delete("city","city=?",new String[]{city});
        return flag>0?true:false;
    }
//查詢全部資料
    public List<String> queryCity(){
        List<String> cityList=new ArrayList<>();
        Cursor cursor=db.query("city",null,null,null,null,null,null);
        if (cursor!=null){
            while (cursor.moveToNext()){
                String city=cursor.getString(1);
                cityList.add(city);
            }
        }
        return cityList;
    }
//根據城市名查詢資料
    public boolean findCity(String city) {
        Cursor cursor = db.query("city", null, "city=?", new String[]{city}, null, null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                String findCity = cursor.getString(1);
                Log.i("Aye",findCity+"findCity");
                if (findCity != null) {
                    return false;
                } else {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    @Override  //更新資料庫
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

    }

六、城市管理界面功能實作

1. listView配接器配置

撰寫CityAdapter繼承自BaseAdapter，為listView配接器

    private Context context;
    private List<String> cityList;

    public CityAdapter(Context context, List<String> cityList) {
        this.context = context;
        this.cityList = cityList;
    }
    @Override
    public int getCount() {  //集合條目個數
        return cityList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {   //根據位置獲取條目資訊
        return cityList.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {  //獲取位置
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder=null;
        if (convertView==null){  //如果convertView為空則初始化并系結
            viewHolder=new ViewHolder();
            convertView=View.inflate(context, R.layout.city_listview_item,null);
            viewHolder.cityNameTv=convertView.findViewById(R.id.cityNameTv);
            convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
        }else {
            viewHolder=(ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
        }
        //獲取資料并顯示
        viewHolder.cityNameTv.setText(cityList.get(position));
        return convertView;
    }
    class ViewHolder{
        TextView cityNameTv;
    }

4. 控制元件監聽事件

為界面控制元件添加監聽事件，用于跳轉到添加城市界面和洗掉城市

        //添加城市，跳轉到添加城市界面
        findTv.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                startActivity(new Intent(CityActivity.this,AddActivity.class));
            }
        });
        //長按洗掉城市
     showLv.setOnItemLongClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                String deleteCity=cityList.get(position);   //根據長按點擊位置獲取內容
                //彈出對話框
                AlertDialog.Builder builder= new AlertDialog.Builder(CityActivity.this);
                builder.setTitle("提示").setMessage("是否洗掉該城市天氣資訊？")
                        .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            }
                        })
                        .setPositiveButton("洗掉", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                 //呼叫資料庫方法洗掉條目
                                flag=cityDBHelper.deleteCity(deleteCity); 
                                if (flag){
                                    Toast.makeText(CityActivity.this,"洗掉成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                    initView();
                                    //發送廣播，通知更新天氣資料
                                    Intent intent=new Intent("UPDATE1");
                                    sendBroadcast(intent);
                                }else {
                                    Toast.makeText(CityActivity.this,"洗掉失敗",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                }
                            }
                        })
                        .create().show();
                return true;
            }
        });

七、添加城市界面功能實作

1. 配接器配置、通過省會添加城市功能實作

    private Context context;
    private List<String> cityList;
    private CityDBHelper cityDBHelper;

    public AddAdapter(Context context, List<String> cityList,CityDBHelper cityDBHelper) {
        this.context = context;
        this.cityList = cityList;
        this.cityDBHelper=cityDBHelper;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override  //創建ViewHolder
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view=View.inflate(context,R.layout.add_recylerview_item,null);
        ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);
        return viewHolder;
    }

    @Override  //系結ViewHolder，顯示資料，添加資料
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.cityTv.setText(cityList.get(position));
        holder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                String clickCity=cityList.get(position);  //獲取點擊條目資訊
                //判斷點擊條目是否為空，然后判斷該城市是否已經添加到資料庫中，最后判斷是否添加成功
                if (clickCity!=null){
                    if (cityDBHelper.findCity(clickCity)) {
                        if (cityDBHelper.addCity(clickCity)) {
                            Toast.makeText(context,"添加成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                            //發送廣播，通知更新天氣資料
                            Intent intent=new Intent("UPDATE");
                            context.sendBroadcast(intent);
                        }else {
                            Toast.makeText(context,"添加失敗",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    }else {
                        Toast.makeText(context,"已存在該城市",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {  //獲取集合數目
        return cityList.size();
    }
//ViewHolder
    class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        TextView cityTv;

        public ViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            cityTv=ite
                mView.findViewById(R.id.itemCityTv);
        }
    }

配接器系結，資料傳遞

private String[] cityStrings=new String[]{"北京","天津","哈爾濱","沈陽","石家莊", "蘭州", "西安", "鄭州", "太原", "長沙", "南京", "貴陽",   "杭州", "廣州", "臺北",
                                          "上海" , "重慶", "長春", "呼和浩特", "烏魯木齊", "西寧", "銀川", "濟南", "合肥", "武漢", "成都", "拉薩", "昆明", "南昌", "福州", "海口", "澳門"};
cityList=new ArrayList<>();
for (int i=0;i<cityStrings.length;i++){  //使用for集合將陣列資料傳入集合中
    cityList.add(cityStrings[i]);
}

addAdapter=new AddAdapter(this,cityList,cityDBHelper);
cityRv.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this,3));  //配接器布局GridLayout，一行三個控制元件
cityRv.setAdapter(addAdapter);

4. 通過搜索添加城市功能實作

搜索鍵監聽事件
findTv.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        String findCity=findEt.getText().toString();    //獲取輸入框中的內容
        //判斷輸入內容是否為空，再判斷該城市是否已經存在資料庫中，最后判斷是否添加成功
        if (findCity!=null){
            if(cityDBHelper.findCity(findCity)){
                if (cityDBHelper.addCity(findCity)) {
                    Toast.makeText(AddActivity.this,"添加成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    //使用廣播，通知天氣資訊更新
                    Intent intent=new Intent("UPDATE");
                    sendBroadcast(intent);
                }else {
                    Toast.makeText(AddActivity.this,"添加失敗",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }else {
                Toast.makeText(AddActivity.this,"已存在該城市",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }else {
            Toast.makeText(AddActivity.this,"輸入城市為空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
});

5. 通過廣播接收城市資訊更新訊息

在CityActivity檔案中創建廣播接收者

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {      
myReceiver=new MyReceiver();
        //實體化過濾器并設定過濾的廣播
        IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("UPDATE");
        registerReceiver(myReceiver,intentFilter);  //注冊廣播
      
    }
    private class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            initView();  //收到廣播資訊后，更新界面
        }
    }

在MainActivity中也創建廣播接收者

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
	    myReceiver=new MyReceiver();
        //實體化過濾器并設定過濾的廣播
        IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("UPDATE");
        intentFilter.addAction("UPDATE1");
        registerReceiver(myReceiver,intentFilter); //注冊廣播
        }
            private class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            initPager();/收到廣播資訊后，更新界面
        }
    }

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