app端自動化POM-有解無憂

POM 及 POM 設計原理

POM(page object model)頁面物件模型，主要應用于UI自動化測驗框架的搭建，
主流設計模式之一，頁面物件模型：結合面向物件編程思路：把專案的每個頁面當做一個物件進行編程

POM 一般分為四層

第一層：basepage層:描述每個頁面相同的屬性及行為
第二層：pageobject層(每個的獨有特征及獨有的行為)
第三層：testcase層(用例層，描述專案業務流程) 
第四層：testdata(資料層)

代碼實作

非 po 模型 (模擬器 中 qq 登錄 )

from appium import webdriver

caps = {}
caps["platformName"] = "Android"
caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001"
caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq"
caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity"

driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", caps)
driver.implicitly_wait(30)
el1 = driver.find_element_by_id("com.tencent.mobileqq:id/btn_login")
el1.click()
el2 = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("請輸入QQ號碼或手機或郵箱")
el2.send_keys("QQ賬號")#輸入自己的QQ賬號
el3 = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("密碼 安全")
el3.send_keys("QQ密碼")#輸入QQ密碼
el4 = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("登 錄")
el4.click()
el5 = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("同意")
el5.click()
el6 = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("登 錄")
el6.click()

po模型操作

basepage(封裝公共的屬性和行為)

class BasePages:
    def __init__(self,driver):
        self.driver = driver
    # 元素定位
    def locator(self,*loc):
        return self.driver.find_element(*loc)
    # 清空
    def clear(self,*loc):
        self.locator(*loc).clear()
    # 輸入
    def input(self,test,*loc):
        self.locator(*loc).send_keys(test)
    # 點擊
    def click(self,*loc):
        self.locator(*loc).click()
    # 滑動(上下左右滑動)
    def swipe(self,start_x,start_y,end_x,end_y,duration=0):
        # 獲取螢屏的尺寸
        window_size = self.driver.get_window_size()
        x = window_size["width"]
        y = window_size["height"]
        self.driver.swipe(start_x=x*start_x,
                          start_y=y*start_y,
                          end_x=x*end_x,
                          end_y=y*end_y,
                          duration=duration)

業務頁代碼

page_01.py(導航模塊)

from lzwifi.base.basepage import BasePages # 匯入BasePages
from appium.webdriver.common.mobileby import MobileBy

class DaoHangPage(BasePages):
    def __init__(self, driver):
        BasePages.__init__(self, driver)
    # 點擊登錄操作
    def click_login(self):
        self.click(MobileBy.ID, "com.tencent.mobileqq:id/btn_login")

page_02.py(登錄模塊)

from lzwifi.base.basepage import BasePages
from appium.webdriver.common.mobileby import MobileBy

class LoginPage(BasePages):
    def __init__(self, driver):
        BasePages.__init__(self, driver)
    # 清空賬號框操作
    def clear_zh(self):
        self.clear(MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, "請輸入QQ號碼或手機或郵箱")
    # 輸入QQ賬號操作
    def input_zh(self, test):
        self.input(test, MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, "請輸入QQ號碼或手機或郵箱")
    # 清空密碼框操作
    def clear_mm(self):
        self.clear(MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, "密碼 安全")
    # 輸入QQ密碼操作
    def input_mm(self, test):
        self.input(test, MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, "密碼 安全")
    # 點擊登錄操作
    def click_dl(self):
        self.click(MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, "登 錄")
    # 同意條款
    def click_ty(self):
        self.click(MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, "同意")
    # 再次登錄
    def click_rdl(self):
        self.click(MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, "登 錄")

單元測驗模塊

unittest實作

import unittest
import time
from appium import webdriver
from lzwifi.pages.page_01 import DaoHangPage
from lzwifi.pages.page_02 import LoginPage

class TestClass(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        caps = {}
        caps["platformName"] = "Android"
        caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001"
        caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq"
        caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity"
        cls.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", caps)
        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)

    def test_01(self):
        dh = DaoHangPage(self.driver)
        dh.click_login()

    def test_02(self):
        dl = LoginPage(self.driver)
        dl.clear_zh()
        dl.input_zh("QQ賬號") # 輸入自己的QQ賬號
        dl.clear_mm()
        dl.input_mm("QQ密碼") # 輸入自己的QQ密碼
        dl.click_dl()
        dl.click_ty()
        dl.click_rdl()

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        time.sleep(20)
        cls.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

pytest 實作 (需要匯入 pip install pytest)

import pytest
import time
from appium import webdriver
from lzwifi.pages.page_01 import DaoHangPage
from lzwifi.pages.page_02 import LoginPage

class TestClass():
    @classmethod
    def setup_class(cls) -> None:
        caps = {}
        caps["platformName"] = "Android"
        caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001"
        caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq"
        caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity"
        cls.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", caps)
        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)

    def test_01(self):
        dh = DaoHangPage(self.driver)
        dh.click_login()

    def test_02(self):
        dl = LoginPage(self.driver)
        dl.clear_zh()
        dl.input_zh("QQ賬號")
        dl.clear_mm()
        dl.input_mm("QQ密碼")
        dl.click_dl()
        dl.click_ty()
        dl.click_rdl()

    @classmethod
    def teardown_class(cls) -> None:
        time.sleep(20)
        cls.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

引入yaml檔案

yaml檔案：資料層次清晰，可以跨平臺，支持多種語言使用(可以適用于別的app)
優化代碼：提取basepage中的配置客戶端資料（將配置的資料放在yaml中）
創建config.yaml

caps:
  platformName: Android
  deviceName: 127.0.0.1:62001
  appPackage: com.tencent.mobileqq
  appActivity: com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity

呼叫yaml檔案，需要匯入 pip install pyYAML

import yaml,os

def readYaml(path):
    with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as file:
        data = yaml.load(stream=file, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
        return data
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # os.path.dirname(__file__)當前檔案的上一級目錄
    # os.path.abspath(path)找到路徑的絕對路徑
    rootpath = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    dd = os.path.join(rootpath, "datademo\config.yaml")
    print(dd)
    print(readYaml(dd))

修改單元測驗模塊代碼

import pytest
import time,os
from lzwifi.common.read_yaml import readYaml
from appium import webdriver
from lzwifi.pages.page_01 import DaoHangPage
from lzwifi.pages.page_02 import LoginPage

class TestClass():
    @classmethod
    def setup_class(cls) -> None:
        # caps = {}
        # caps["platformName"] = "Android"
        # caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001"
        # caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq"
        # caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity"
        rootpath = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
        dd = os.path.join(rootpath, "datademo\config.yaml")
        data = readYaml(dd)
        cls.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", data["caps"])
        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)

    def test_01(self):
        dh = DaoHangPage(self.driver)
        dh.click_login()

    def test_02(self):
        dl = LoginPage(self.driver)
        dl.clear_zh()
        dl.input_zh("QQ賬號")
        dl.clear_mm()
        dl.input_mm("QQ密碼")
        dl.click_dl()
        dl.click_ty()
        dl.click_rdl()

    @classmethod
    def teardown_class(cls) -> None:
        time.sleep(20)
        cls.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

資料驅動

在 pytest 中使用 @pytest.mark.parametrize() 修飾器

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("user,password", [("QQ賬號", "QQ密碼")])
    def test_02(self, user, password):
        dl = LoginPage(self.driver)
        dl.clear_zh()
        dl.input_zh(user)
        dl.clear_mm()
        dl.input_mm(password)
        dl.click_dl()
        dl.click_ty()
        dl.click_rdl()

生成測驗報告

unittest實作(首先需要切換到unittest單元測驗模塊)

匯入HTMLTestRunner.py

testhtml.py

import unittest
from lzwifi.datademo.HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner # 匯入HTMLTestRunner
from lzwifi.test.test_qq import TestClass # 匯入單元測驗類
class HtmlClass():
    def htmlMethod(self):
        suite = unittest.TestSuite()
        lists = ['test_01', 'test_02'] # 測驗用例
        for i in lists:
            suite.addTest(TestClass(i))
                    # 測驗報告生成路徑
        with open("../unittesthtml.html", "wb") as f:
            HTMLTestRunner(
                stream=f,
                title="測驗資料",
                description="測驗一期",
                verbosity=2
            ).run(suite)
h = HtmlClass()
h.htmlMethod()

生成html測驗報告

pytest實作(首先需要切換到pytest單元測驗模塊)

需要匯入pip install pytest-html、pip install allure-pytest

修改單元測驗模塊代碼

import pytest
import time,os,allure
from lzwifi.common.read_yaml import readYaml
from appium import webdriver
from lzwifi.pages.page_01 import DaoHangPage
from lzwifi.pages.page_02 import LoginPage

class TestClass():
    @classmethod
    def setup_class(cls) -> None:
        # caps = {}
        # caps["platformName"] = "Android"
        # caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001"
        # caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq"
        # caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity"
        rootpath = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
        dd = os.path.join(rootpath, "datademo\config.yaml")
        data = readYaml(dd)
        cls.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", data["caps"])
        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)

    def test_01(self):
        dh = DaoHangPage(self.driver)
        dh.click_login()

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("user,password", [("QQ賬號", "QQ密碼")])
    def test_02(self, user, password):
        dl = LoginPage(self.driver)
        dl.clear_zh()
        dl.input_zh(user)
        dl.clear_mm()
        dl.input_mm(password)
        dl.click_dl()
        dl.click_ty()
        dl.click_rdl()

    @classmethod
    def teardown_class(cls) -> None:
        time.sleep(20)
        cls.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(['--alluredir', 'report/result', 'test_qq.py'])
    split = 'allure ' + 'generate ' + './report/result ' + '-o ' + './report/html ' + '--clean'
    os.system(split)

生成html測驗報告

最終框架展示

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