bean型別java.util.Properties的不滿意依賴例外-有解無憂

我有一個Spring Framework 5.3.10應用程式 - 不是Spring Boot。我在創建/注入Propertiesbean 時遇到了一個相當微不足道的問題。這是我的設定：

@Configuration
@AllArgsConstructor
@EnableTransactionManagement
@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
public class PersistenceConfig {
  @Bean
  public NamedParameterJdbcTemplate namedParameterJdbcTemplate() throws NamingException {
    return new NamedParameterJdbcTemplate(dataSource());
  }

  ...

  @Bean("employeeQueries")
  public Properties employeeQueries() throws IOException {
    final var properties = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
    properties.setLocation(new FileSystemResource("database/employee-queries.properties"));
    return properties.getObject();
  }
}

@Repository
@Transactional
@AllArgsConstructor
public class EmployeeJdbc implements IEmployeeJdbc {
  private final NamedParameterJdbcTemplate template;

  @Qualifier("employeeQueries")
  private final Properties queries; // Not getting injected >:/

  ...

堆疊跟蹤在這個問題上非常清楚，但我仍然無法使它作業：

2021-12-19 19:19:40,771 |- ERROR in o.s.t.context.TestContextManager:252 [main] - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@14e2e1c3] to prepare test instance [org.acme.persistence.EmployeeJdbcTest@2b4786dd]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
  at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:132)
  at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:124)
  at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:118)
  at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)
  at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:248)
  at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:138)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$8(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:363)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.executeAndMaskThrowable(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:368)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$9(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:363)
  at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
  at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
  at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1655)
  at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
  at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
  at java.base/java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:312)
  at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:735)
  at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:734)
  at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:658)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.invokeTestInstancePostProcessors(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:362)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance$6(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:283)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:282)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$4(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:272)
  at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:369)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$5(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:271)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.TestInstancesProvider.getTestInstances(TestInstancesProvider.java:31)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$prepare$0(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:102)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:101)
  at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:66)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$prepare$2(NodeTestTask.java:123)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.prepare(NodeTestTask.java:123)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:90)
  at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1541)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
  at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1541)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:35)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
  at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:54)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:107)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:114)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:86)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession$DelegatingLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncherSession.java:86)
  at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.SessionPerRequestLauncher.execute(SessionPerRequestLauncher.java:53)
  at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:71)
  at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
  at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:235)
  at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'employeeJdbc' defined in file [/home/gorre/Workshop/Development/java-spring-jdbc/target/classes/org/acme/persistence/EmployeeJdbc.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'java.util.Properties' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value="employeeQueries")}
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:800)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:229)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1372)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1222)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:944)
  at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918)
  at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583)
  at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:127)
  at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)
  at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:275)
  at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:243)
  at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
  at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
  ... 69 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'java.util.Properties' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value="employeeQueries")}
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1790)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1385)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1300)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:887)
  at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791)
  ... 87 common frames omitted

關于為什么 Spring 無法發現那個 bean 的任何線索？namedParameterJdbcTemplate是在同一個檔案上，并且設定沒有employeeQueries作業正常 - 我只是試圖將 SQL 查詢放在.properties檔案中，而不是放在 Java 源代碼上。

Lombok 的配置已經有了lombok.copyableannotations = org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier.

Currently, I only have one bean of type Properties. Regardless, I'm assigning it a fixed identifier, because I'll have more in the future. The "offending" bean is actually getting instantiated correctly (or at least that's what I see when I put a debug point in the IDE):

bean 型別 java.util.Properties 的不滿意依賴例外

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

使用的（彈簧標準）“工廠”實作FactoryBean<Properties>為InitializingBean......

設計方法

@Bean
public FactoryBean<Properties> employeeQueries() throws IOException {
    final var factory = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
    // please prefer: File- ressource with *absolute* path, alternatively (spring) Classpath- or ServletContext-
    factory.setLocation(new FileSystemResource("database/employee-queries.properties"));
    return factory;
}

直接（問題解決方案/低影響）方法：

我們要：

factory.afterProertiesSet();

到：

...在設定了所有（工廠）bean 屬性后，對其（工廠的）整體配置和最終初始化進行驗證。

來源：https : //docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/beans/factory/config/PropertiesFactoryBean.html#afterPropertiesSet--

在我們可以之前：

factory.getObject();

但上述僅適用于@Bean（配置）方法主體內，因為一旦離開它，Spring 就會“跳入”（再次＆afterPropertiesSet/validate“幕后”，例如，當我們將公開工廠而不是屬性時）。

更多細節：

FactoryBean#getObject
初始化Bean
豆工廠

并作為“經驗法則”：

總是，當我們（初始化）：

(any spring)InitializingBean factory = new InitializingBean();
factory.setXXX(...)
factory.setYYY(...)

我們應該（驗證）：

factory.afterProertiesSet();

在我們可以之前：

factory.getObject();

轉載請註明出處，本文鏈接：https://www.uj5u.com/yidong/386769.html

標籤：java spring dependency-injection

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