同一個Dockerfile上的不同條件-有解無憂

我有一個 Dockerfile，其中包含一些我想有條件地使用的命令：

FROM image_name（我有一個 M1 芯片 MacOS，所以我需要添加--platform=linux/amd64它，但我想部署在不需要它的 AWS EC2 linux 實體中）
在生產中，我想用 nginx 運行我的專案，所以我希望 Dockerfile 以 this 結尾RUN mkdir -p tmp/sockets。但是為了測驗，我不需要 nginx 所以我希望我的 Dockerfile 以此結束

# Expose port 
EXPOSE 3000

# Start rails
CMD ["rails", "server", "-b", "0.0.0.0"]

我想用multi stage dockerfile來解決這個FROM image問題，但是 Dockerfile 結果很長，因為除了FROM image部分之外它基本上是相同的。對于nginx我想使用 shell 腳本的部分，但我不確定如何撰寫公開埠和最終命令來啟動 rails。這些是檔案：

run_dockerfile.sh

#!/bin/bash

if [ ${RUN_DOCKERFILE} = "PROD" ]; then 
    mkdir -p tmp/sockets
else
    ????
fi

我的Dockerfile樣子是這樣的：

# Start from the official ruby image
# To run Dockerfile with arm64 architecture (M1 chip MacOS for example)
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 ruby:2.6.6 AS ARM64

# Set environment
ARG BUILD_DEVELOPMENT
# if --build-arg BUILD_DEVELOPMENT=1, set RAILS_ENV to 'development' or set to null otherwise.
ENV RAILS_ENV=${BUILD_DEVELOPMENT: development}
# if RAILS_ENV is null, set it to 'production' (or leave as is otherwise).
ENV RAILS_ENV=${RAILS_ENV:-production}

# Update and install JS & DB
RUN apt-get update -qq && apt-get install -y nodejs postgresql-client

# Create a directory for the application and use it
RUN mkdir /myapp
WORKDIR /myapp

# Gemfile and lock file need to be present, they'll be overwritten immediately
COPY Gemfile /myapp/Gemfile
COPY Gemfile.lock /myapp/Gemfile.lock

# Install gem dependencies
RUN gem install bundler:2.2.32
RUN bundle install
RUN curl https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | bash
ADD https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/pubkey.gpg /tmp/yarn-pubkey.gpg
RUN apt-key add /tmp/yarn-pubkey.gpg && rm /tmp/yarn-pubkey.gpg
RUN echo "deb https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/ stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yarn.list
RUN apt-get update -qq && apt-get install -y yarn  && apt-get install -y npm
RUN yarn add bootstrap

COPY . /myapp

# So that webpacker compiles
RUN yarn config set ignore-engines true
RUN rm -rf bin/webpack*
RUN rails webpacker:install
RUN bundle exec rails webpacker:compile
RUN bundle exec rake assets:precompile

# This script runs every time the container is created, necessary for rails
COPY entrypoint.sh /usr/bin/
RUN chmod  x /usr/bin/entrypoint.sh
ENTRYPOINT ["entrypoint.sh"]


# Run run_dockerfile.sh
COPY run_dockerfile.sh run_dockerfile.sh
RUN chmod u x run_dockerfile.sh && ./run_dockerfile.sh


##################################################

# Start from the official ruby image
# To run Dockerfile without arm64 architecture
FROM ruby:2.6.6 AS AMD64

# Set environment
ARG BUILD_DEVELOPMENT
# if --build-arg BUILD_DEVELOPMENT=1, set RAILS_ENV to 'development' or set to null otherwise.
ENV RAILS_ENV=${BUILD_DEVELOPMENT: development}
# if RAILS_ENV is null, set it to 'production' (or leave as is otherwise).
ENV RAILS_ENV=${RAILS_ENV:-production}

# Update and install JS & DB
RUN apt-get update -qq && apt-get install -y nodejs postgresql-client

# Create a directory for the application and use it
RUN mkdir /myapp
WORKDIR /myapp

# Gemfile and lock file need to be present, they'll be overwritten immediately
COPY Gemfile /myapp/Gemfile
COPY Gemfile.lock /myapp/Gemfile.lock

# Install gem dependencies
RUN gem install bundler:2.2.32
RUN bundle install
RUN curl https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | bash
ADD https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/pubkey.gpg /tmp/yarn-pubkey.gpg
RUN apt-key add /tmp/yarn-pubkey.gpg && rm /tmp/yarn-pubkey.gpg
RUN echo "deb https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/ stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yarn.list
RUN apt-get update -qq && apt-get install -y yarn  && apt-get install -y npm
RUN yarn add bootstrap

COPY . /myapp

# So that webpacker compiles
RUN yarn config set ignore-engines true
RUN rm -rf bin/webpack*
RUN rails webpacker:install
RUN bundle exec rails webpacker:compile
RUN bundle exec rake assets:precompile

# This script runs every time the container is created, necessary for rails
COPY entrypoint.sh /usr/bin/
RUN chmod  x /usr/bin/entrypoint.sh
ENTRYPOINT ["entrypoint.sh"]

# Run run_dockerfile.sh
COPY run_dockerfile.sh run_dockerfile.sh
RUN chmod u x run_dockerfile.sh && ./run_dockerfile.sh

有什么辦法可以做到，.sh或者有什么建議可以做到嗎？謝謝！

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

從您描述問題的方式來看，您根本不需要很多特殊情況。

CMD一個重要的細節是在運行容器時很容易覆寫影像。例如，如果您有兩個 Compose 檔案，則只需設定服務的command:

# docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'
services:
  myapp:
    image: registry.example.com/myapp:${MYAPP_TAG:-latest}
    ports: ['3000:80']

# docker-compose.override.yml
# for developer use
version: '3.8'
services:
  myapp:
    build: .
    command: rails server -b 0.0.0.0 -p 80

您列出的其他變體應該無關緊要。如果您FROM --platform=linux/amd64在 x86-64 主機上構建映像并明確指定本機平臺，您應該會得到一致的結果；RUN mkdir您不會使用的目錄是無害的。一個不一致的地方似乎是容器埠，但您可以明確告知rails server要使用哪個埠，以便匹配。我會在所有環境中使用相同的影像。

FROM --platform=linux/amd64 ruby:2.6.6 # even on an Intel/AMD host system
...
RUN mkdir tmp/sockets                  # even if it's unused
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]     # can be overridden when the container runs

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