我想撰寫一個程式，根據學生的選擇和專業范圍，讓學生了解他們在大學里的專業。
每個專業可以錄取多個學生（在這種情況下cnm = 1，dsi = 2，rss = 2），學生人數可以超過名額（在這種情況下，一個學生不會有一個地方，因為有只有5個地方）。
程式運行沒有問題，但輸出不正確。（我不知道為什么）。此示例的輸出應為 ((a,cnm),(c,rss),(b,dsi),(e,dsi),(f,rss))
我在 youtube 上找到了一個視頻（https://youtu.be/FhRf0j068ZA，源代碼https://github.com/Schachte/stable-matching-algorithm），該人解釋并撰寫了穩定匹配問題的代碼，我喜歡那個代碼，所以我接受了它，我嘗試編輯它可以解決我的問題
如果有人可以幫助我，我將不勝感激。
*****這是我的代碼
students = {
'A': ['CNM', 'DSI', 'RSS'],
'B': ['CNM', 'DSI', 'RSS'],
'C': ['DSI', 'CNM', 'RSS'],
'D': ['DSI', 'RSS', 'CNM'],
'E': ['RSS', 'DSI', 'CNM'],
'F': ['RSS', 'CNM', 'DSI']
}
choices = {
'DSI': ['C', 'E','D', 'B','F','A'],
'RSS': ['B','F','A', 'E', 'D','C'],
'CNM': ['A', 'B','C', 'D','E','F']
}
rss=2
cnm = 1
dsi=2
results = []
students_with_out_choice =[]
for student in students:
students_with_out_choice.append(student)
while (len(students_with_out_choice) > 0 ):
for i in range (3):
for student in students_with_out_choice:
for choice in students[student]:
if ((choice == "DSI" and dsi != 0) or (choice == "RSS" and rss != 0) or (choice == "CNM" and cnm != 0)):
results.append([student, choice])
students_with_out_choice.remove(student)
if (choice == "DSI"):
dsi -= 1
if (choice == "RSS"):
rss -= 1
if (choice == "CNM"):
cnm -= 1
break
else:
for key, value in results:
if choice == value:
a= key
etudiant_actuel = choices[choice].index(a)
etudiant_proposer = choices[choice].index(student)
if (etudiant_actuel >etudiant_proposer):
students_with_out_choice.remove(student)
students_with_out_choice.append(a)
a = student
break
elif(i==2):
students_with_out_choice.remove(student)
break
print(results)
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
我最終使用兩種不同的解決方案解決了我的問題。
第一個解決方案是在我的第一個程式中發現錯誤并糾正它。
students = {
'A': ['DSI', 'RSS', 'CNM'],
'B': ['RSS', 'DSI', 'CNM'],
'C': ['CNM', 'DSI', 'RSS'],
'D': ['DSI', 'RSS', 'CNM'],
'E': ['RSS', 'DSI', 'CNM'],
'F': ['CNM', 'DSI', 'RSS']
}
choices = {
'DSI': ['B', 'E', 'C', 'D', 'A', 'F'],
'RSS': ['C', 'F', 'A', 'B', 'E', 'D'],
'CNM': ['A', 'D', 'B', 'C', 'E', 'F']
}
rss = 2
cnm = 1
dsi = 2
nbr_of_speciality = 3
results = []
students_with_out_choice = []
for student in students:
students_with_out_choice.append(student)
while len(students_with_out_choice) > 0:
for student in students_with_out_choice:
for i in range(nbr_of_speciality):
choice = students[student][i]
if (choice == "DSI" and dsi != 0) or (choice == "RSS" and rss != 0) or (choice == "CNM" and cnm != 0):
results.append([student, choice])
students_with_out_choice.remove(student)
if choice == "DSI":
dsi -= 1
if choice == "RSS":
rss -= 1
if choice == "CNM":
cnm -= 1
break
else:
free_choice = [k for (k,v) in results if choice == v]
student_proposer = free_choice[0]
for k in free_choice :
if choices[choice].index(k) > choices[choice].index(student_proposer):
student_proposer = k
rating_of_propose_student = choices[choice].index(student_proposer)
rating_of_actuel_student = choices[choice].index(student)
if rating_of_propose_student > rating_of_actuel_student:
students_with_out_choice.remove(student)
results.remove([student_proposer, choice])
results.append([student, choice])
students_with_out_choice.append(student_proposer)
break
elif i==nbr_of_speciality-1 :
print(f"student non-oriented : {student}")
students_with_out_choice.remove(student)
break
print(results)
第二個解決方案：
students = {
'A': ['dsi', 'rss', 'cnm'],
'B': ['rss', 'dsi', 'cnm'],
'C': ['cnm', 'dsi', 'rss'],
'D': ['dsi', 'rss', 'cnm'],
'E': ['rss', 'dsi', 'cnm'],
'F': ['cnm', 'dsi', 'rss'],
}
choices = {
'dsi': ['B', 'E', 'C', 'D', 'A', 'F'],
'cnm': ['A', 'D', 'B', 'C', 'E', 'F'],
'rss': ['C', 'F', 'A', 'B', 'E', 'D'],
}
places = {
'cnm': 1,
'rss': 2,
'dsi': 2,
}
left_places = places
results = {}
students_with_out_choices = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F']
choices_left = students
def list_of_student_with_out_a_choice_left_to_prpose(students_with_out_choices, choices_left):
results = []
for e in students_with_out_choices:
if len(choices_left[e]) > 0:
results.append(e)
return results
def last_choice_in_ranking(s, choices_left, results, choices):
students_with_out_choices = []
ranging_list = choices[choices_left[e][0]]
ranging_student_list = []
for key in results:
if results[key] == choices_left[e][0]:
students_with_out_choices.append(key)
for i in range(len(ranging_list)):
if ranging_list[i] in students_with_out_choices:
ranging_student_list.append(ranging_list[i])
if ranging_list.index(e) < ranging_list.index(ranging_student_list[-1]):
return ranging_student_list[-1]
return s
list_of_oriented_student = students_with_out_choices
while len(list_of_oriented_student) > 0:
e = list_of_oriented_student[0]
first_choice = choices_left[e][0]
if places[first_choice] > 0:
results[e] = first_choice
left_places[first_choice] -= 1
students_with_out_choices.remove(e)
elif len(choices_left[e]) > 0:
student_less_rank_than_e = last_choice_in_ranking(e, choices_left, results, choices)
if student_less_rank_than_e != e:
del results[student_less_rank_than_e]
results[e] = first_choice
students_with_out_choices.remove(e)
students_with_out_choices.append(student_less_rank_than_e)
choices_left[e].remove(choices_left[e][0])
list_of_oriented_student = list_of_student_with_out_a_choice_left_to_prpose(students_with_out_choices, choices_left)
print("results: ", results)
liste_of_student_non_oriented=[]
for key in students:
if key not in results:
liste_of_student_non_oriented.append(key)
print(f"students non-oriented : {liste_of_student_non_oriented}")
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
您的代碼中的一個問題可能是您students_with_out_choice在迭代串列時更改了串列 ( )。這通常會導致意想不到的結果。
正如@enke 所指出的，延遲接受演算法是這里選擇的方法。在您的示例中，此演算法的實作可能如下所示：
s = {
'A': ['CNM', 'DSI', 'RSS'],
'B': ['CNM', 'DSI', 'RSS'],
'C': ['DSI', 'CNM', 'RSS'],
'D': ['DSI', 'RSS', 'CNM'],
'E': ['RSS', 'DSI', 'CNM'],
'F': ['RSS', 'CNM', 'DSI']
}
r = {
'DSI': ['C', 'E', 'D', 'B', 'F', 'A'],
'RSS': ['B', 'F', 'A', 'E', 'D', 'C'],
'CNM': ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F']
}
p = {
'DSI': 2,
'RSS': 2,
'CNM': 1
}
def get_matched_students(students, rankings, places):
waiting_students = [student for student in students]
matching_results = {choice: [] for choice in places}
def get_waiting_list_without_student(student):
return [x for x in waiting_students if x != student]
def get_sorted_results_with_student(student, choice):
matching_results[choice].append(student)
return [x for x in rankings[choice] if x in matching_results[choice]]
while waiting_students:
for student in waiting_students.copy():
if not students[student]:
waiting_students = get_waiting_list_without_student(student)
continue
choice = students[student].pop(0)
if len(matching_results[choice]) < places[choice]:
matching_results[choice] = get_sorted_results_with_student(student, choice)
waiting_students = get_waiting_list_without_student(student)
else:
if rankings[choice].index(student) < rankings[choice].index(matching_results[choice][-1]):
matching_results[choice] = get_sorted_results_with_student(student, choice)
waiting_students = get_waiting_list_without_student(student)
waiting_students.append(matching_results[choice].pop())
return matching_results
print(get_matched_students(s, r, p))
這將為您提供與每個主題匹配的學生串列：{'DSI': ['C', 'E'], 'RSS': ['B', 'F'], 'CNM': ['A']}
如果你想從學生的角度來看結果，你可以這樣做：
results = get_matched_students(s, r, p)
results_by_students = [[student, course] for student in s for course, result in results.items() if student in result]
print(results_by_students)
# Output: [['A', 'CNM'], ['B', 'RSS'], ['C', 'DSI'], ['E', 'DSI'], ['F', 'RSS']]
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