Python2.7lxml：如何用注釋替換標簽

我有閑置的 XML：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<A xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://obe.nce.amadeus.net/bms/metadata/1-0/">
  <B name="NAME" version="VERSION">
    <AA>SOME NAME</AA>
    <CC>SOME OTHER NAME</CC>
  </B>
  <C>
    <SOME1>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_1" path="path_1"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_2" path="path_2"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_3" path="path_3"/>
    </SOME1>
    <SOME2>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_4" path="path_1"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_5" path="path_2"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_6" path="path_3"/>
    </SOME2>
  </C>
  <D>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_1" version="version_1"/>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_2" version="version_2"/>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_3" version="version_3"/>
  </D>
</A>

我必須把它改成這樣：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<A xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://obe.nce.amadeus.net/bms/metadata/1-0/">
    <B name="NAME" version="VERSION">
        <AA>SOME NAME</AA>
        <CC>SOME OTHER NAME</CC>
    </B>
    <C>
        <!-- SOME1 -->
        <TAG_3 name="NAME_1" path="path_1"/>
        <TAG_3 name="NAME_3" path="path_3"/>
        <TAG_3 name="NAME_2" path="path_2"/>
        <!-- SOME2 -->
        <TAG_3 name="NAME_5" path="path_2"/>
        <TAG_3 name="NAME_4" path="path_1"/>
        <TAG_3 name="NAME_6" path="path_3"/>
    </C>
    <D>
        <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_1" version="version_1"/>
        <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_2" version="version_2"/>
        <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_3" version="version_3"/>
    </D>
</A>

你們有誰知道我怎樣才能實作這樣的目標？我試圖遍歷 SOME1 和 SOME2 的所有子級并洗掉該標簽，但我不知道如何：

1. 移除 TAG 本身，例如 SOME1 和 SOME2
2. 添加注釋的第一行代替該標簽

你們誰能給我任何提示我該怎么做？

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

將元素移動到SOME1父元素

from lxml import etree 

tree = etree.parse('tmp.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

c = tree.xpath('/A/C[SOME1 | SOME2]')

print(c)
for s in tree.xpath('//C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME1/* | //C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME2/*'):
    print(s)
    c[0].append(s)
    
for d in tree.xpath('//C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME1 | //C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME2'):
    c[0].remove(d)
    
print(etree.tostring(tree, encoding="utf-8", method="xml").decode("utf-8"))

結果

<A xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://obe.nce.amadeus.net/bms/metadata/1-0/">
  <B name="NAME" version="VERSION">
    <AA>SOME NAME</AA>
    <CC>SOME OTHER NAME</CC>
  </B>
  <C>
    <TAG_3 name="NAME_1" path="path_1"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_2" path="path_2"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_3" path="path_3"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_4" path="path_1"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_5" path="path_2"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_6" path="path_3"/>
    </C>
  <D>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_1" version="version_1"/>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_2" version="version_2"/>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_3" version="version_3"/>
  </D>
</A>

用注釋替換已洗掉的元素

slist = tree.xpath('//C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME1 | //C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME2')
for d in slist:
    if d.tag == 'SOME1':
        c[0].insert(slist.index(d), etree.Comment(d.tag))
        c[0][slist.index(d)].tail = "\n"
    elif d.tag == 'SOME2':
        c[0].insert(slist.index(d)   1, etree.Comment(d.tag))
        c[0][slist.index(d)   1].tail = "\n"

slist = tree.xpath('//C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME1 | //C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME2')
for d in slist:
    idx = slist.index(d)
    if d.tag == 'SOME1':
        for s in tree.xpath('//C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME1/*'):
            idx  = 1
            c[0].insert(idx, s)
        
for s in tree.xpath('//C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME2/*'):
    print(s)
    c[0].append(s)
    
for d in tree.xpath('//C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME1 | //C[SOME1 | SOME2]/SOME2'):
    c[0].remove(d)

結果

<A xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://obe.nce.amadeus.net/bms/metadata/1-0/">
  <B name="NAME" version="VERSION">
    <AA>SOME NAME</AA>
    <CC>SOME OTHER NAME</CC>
  </B>
  <C>
    <!--SOME1-->
<TAG_3 name="NAME_1" path="path_1"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_2" path="path_2"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_3" path="path_3"/>
    <!--SOME2-->
<TAG_3 name="NAME_4" path="path_1"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_5" path="path_2"/>
      <TAG_3 name="NAME_6" path="path_3"/>
    </C>
  <D>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_1" version="version_1"/>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_2" version="version_2"/>
    <TAG_3 type="type" name="NAME_3" version="version_3"/>
  </D>
</A>

標籤：Python xml python-2.7 xml 解析 lxml

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