我正在嘗試在 X86_64 (amd64) ISA 中添加自定義指令。我將使用這些說明創建二進制檔案，然后在 gem5 模擬器中運行它。要查找未使用的操作碼串列，我指的是http://ref.x86asm.net/coder64.html。然而，該網站只列出了單位元組未使用的操作碼。我正在尋找的是 amd64 CPU 的解碼器語法，這樣我就可以找到哪些二進制序列是無效的。我嘗試測驗一些隨機二進制序列，看看它們是否無效，并且我能夠找到一些（例如0xc5000c無效的 3 位元組指令）。但是，我想要 amd64 CPU 用來解碼指令以匯出更長的無效二進制序列的語法。是否有任何資源可用于此任務？
目前，為了查找二進制序列，我正在使用如下所示的 C 程式：
int main()
{
asm volatile(".byte 0x06" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x07" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x0E" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x16" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x17" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x1E" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x1F" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x27" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x2F" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x37" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x3F" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x60" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x61" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x62" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x82" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0x9A" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC4" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xD4" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xD5" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xD6" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xEA" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x00" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x01" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x02" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x03" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x04" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x05" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x06" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x07" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x08" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x09" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x0A" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x0B" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x0C" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x0D" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x0E" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x0F" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x10" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x11" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x13" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x17" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x18" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x19" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x1A" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x1B" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x1C" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x1D" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x1E" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x1F" ::: "memory");
asm volatile(".byte 0xC5, 0x00, 0x01" ::: "memory");
return 0;
}
為了查看指令是否無效，我將程式編譯為可執行檔案，然后objdump使用以下命令轉儲其二進制檔案：
gcc main.c && objdump -D -j .text a.out。當我用 C 程式運行它時，我得到：
...
10ed: c6 05 1c 2f 00 00 01 movb $0x1,0x2f1c(%rip) # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
10f4: 5d pop %rbp
10f5: c3 ret
10f6: 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 cs nopw 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
10fd: 00 00 00
1100: c3 ret
1101: 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 data16 cs nopw 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
1108: 00 00 00 00
110c: 0f 1f 40 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
0000000000001110 <frame_dummy>:
1110: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1114: e9 67 ff ff ff jmp 1080 <register_tm_clones>
0000000000001119 <main>:
1119: 55 push %rbp
111a: 48 89 e5 mov %rsp,%rbp
111d: 06 (bad)
111e: 07 (bad)
111f: 0e (bad)
1120: 16 (bad)
1121: 17 (bad)
1122: 1e (bad)
1123: 1f (bad)
1124: 27 (bad)
1125: 2f (bad)
1126: 37 (bad)
1127: 3f (bad)
1128: 60 (bad)
1129: 61 (bad)
112a: 62 82 (bad)
112c: 9a (bad)
112d: c4 (bad)
112e: c5 d4 d5 (bad)
1131: d6 (bad)
1132: ea (bad)
1133: c5 00 00 (bad)
1136: c5 00 01 (bad)
1139: c5 00 02 (bad)
113c: c5 00 03 (bad)
113f: c5 00 04 (bad)
1142: c5 00 05 (bad)
1145: c5 00 06 (bad)
1148: c5 00 07 (bad)
114b: c5 00 08 (bad)
114e: c5 00 09 (bad)
1151: c5 00 0a (bad)
1154: c5 00 0b (bad)
1157: c5 00 0c (bad)
115a: c5 00 0d (bad)
115d: c5 00 0e (bad)
1160: c5 00 0f (bad)
1163: c5 00 10 (bad)
1166: c5 00 11 (bad)
1169: c5 00 13 (bad)
116c: c5 00 17 (bad)
116f: c5 00 18 (bad)
1172: c5 00 19 (bad)
1175: c5 00 1a (bad)
1178: c5 00 1b (bad)
117b: c5 00 1c (bad)
117e: c5 00 1d (bad)
1181: c5 00 1e (bad)
1184: c5 00 1f (bad)
1187: c5 00 01 (bad)
118a: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,
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標籤：Intel Collective 部件x86-64指令系统操作码宝石5