█ 【安卓學習之常見問題】android路徑及檔案問題

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• 【安卓學習之常見問題】 界面（Activity/Fragment）之間的資料傳遞（Intent/Bundle）_任我飛的博客-CSDN博客

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• 本文通過學習別人寫demo,學習一些課件,參考一些博客,’學習相關知識，如果涉及侵權請告知
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█ android 檔案系統

?? 1.Android 使用的檔案系統類似于其他平臺上基于磁盤的檔案系統
應用專屬存盤空間：存盤僅供應用使用的檔案，可以存盤到內部存盤卷中的專屬目錄或外部存盤空間中的其他專屬目錄，使用內部存盤空間中的目錄保存其他應用不應訪問的敏感資訊，
共享存盤：存盤您的應用打算與其他應用共享的檔案，包括媒體、檔案和其他檔案，
?? 2.特點

【/sdcard】 等價于 【/storage/emulated/0/】內部存盤設備
【/data/data/包名】 等價于 【/data/user/0/包名】
【/data/media/0】 等價于 【/storage/emulated/0/】
【/mnt/sdcard】 等價于 【/storage/emulated/0/】
【/mnt/user/0/primary】 等價于 【/storage/emulated/0/】
【/mnt/shared/Pictures】 等價于 【/storage/emulated/0/Pictures】 相冊

?? 3.測驗

參考代碼：

Log.e("test", "-------------AbsolutePath--------------------");
Log.e("test", "Environment.getDataDirectory() = " + Environment.getDataDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "   -------沒權限，如創建檔案夾");
Log.e("test", "Environment.getRootDirectory() = " + Environment.getRootDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "   -------沒權限，如創建檔案夾");
Log.e("test", "Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() = " + Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "   -------該方法過時，外部存盤空間");// android 10(Q)可能讀到空
Log.e("test", "getExternalFilesDir() = " + getExternalFilesDir(null).getAbsolutePath() + "   -------外部存盤空間");
Log.e("test", "getExternalFilesDir(\"Music\") = " + getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC).getAbsolutePath() + "   -------外部存盤空間");
Log.e("test", "getCacheDir() = " + getCacheDir().getAbsolutePath() + "   -------內部存盤空間");
Log.e("test", "getFilesDir() = " + getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath() + "   -------內部存盤空間");
Log.e("test", "getDatabasePath(\"appSql\") = " + getDatabasePath("appSql").getAbsolutePath() + "   -------內部存盤空間");

運行結果：

E/test: -------------AbsolutePath--------------------
E/test: Environment.getDataDirectory() = /data   -------沒權限，如創建檔案夾
E/test: Environment.getRootDirectory() = /system   -------沒權限，如創建檔案夾
E/test: Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() = /storage/emulated/0   -------該方法過時，外部存盤空間
E/test: getExternalFilesDir() = /storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.bx.share/files   -------外部存盤空間
E/test: getExternalFilesDir("Music") = /storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.bx.share/files/Music   -------外部存盤空間
E/test: getCacheDir() = /data/user/0/com.bx.share/cache   -------內部存盤空間
E/test: getFilesDir() = /data/user/0/com.bx.share/files   -------內部存盤空間
E/test: getDatabasePath("appSql") = /data/user/0/com.bx.share/databases/appSql   -------內部存盤空間

█ new File()的路徑

3.測驗

參考代碼：

Log.e("test", "-------------new File(String parent, String child)--------------------");
Log.e("test", "new File(\"mFileName\", \"11\") =" + new File("mFileName", "11").getAbsolutePath());
Log.e("test", "new File(\"/mFileName\", \"22\") =" + new File("/mFileName", "22").getAbsolutePath());
Log.e("test", "new File(\"mFileName/\", \"33\") =" + new File("mFileName/", "33").getAbsolutePath());
Log.e("test", "new File(\"/mFile/Name/\", \"4/4\") =" + new File("/mFile/Name/", "4/4").getAbsolutePath());
Log.e("test", "new File(\"mFileName\", \"55\") =" + new File("mFileName", "55").getAbsolutePath());
Log.e("test", "new File(\"mFileName\", \"66\") =" + new File("mFileName", "66").getAbsolutePath());

運行結果：

E/test: -------------new File(String parent, String child)--------------------
E/test: new File("mFileName", "11") =/mFileName/11
E/test: new File("/mFileName", "22") =/mFileName/22
E/test: new File("mFileName/", "33") =/mFileName/33
E/test: new File("/mFile/Name/", "4/4") =/mFile/Name/4/4
E/test: new File("mFileName", "55") =/mFileName/55
E/test: new File("mFileName", "66") =/mFileName/66

█ Intent.ACTION_SEND 檔案分享

參考代碼：

   File shareFile = new File(mDirName, mFileName);
   Uri uri;
   if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
       uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, getPackageName() + ".fileprovider", shareFile);
   } else {
       uri = Uri.fromFile(shareFile);
   }
   intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
   intent.setType("*/*");

  List<ResolveInfo> resInfo = getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(intent, 0);
  if (!resInfo.isEmpty()) {
      List<Intent> targetedShareIntents = new ArrayList<Intent>();
      for (ResolveInfo info : resInfo) {
          ActivityInfo activityInfo = info.activityInfo;
          Log.e("activityInfo", "packageName = "+activityInfo.packageName+",name = "+activityInfo.name);
         if (!activityInfo.packageName.contains("tencent")) {// 支持微信、qq分享
             continue;
         }
          Intent targeted = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
          targeted.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
          targeted.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
          targeted.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
          targeted.setType("*/*");
          targeted.setPackage(activityInfo.packageName);
          targetedShareIntents.add(targeted);
      }
      Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(targetedShareIntents.remove(1), "選擇分享APP");
      chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, targetedShareIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[] {}));
      startActivity(chooserIntent);
  }

運行結果：

E/test: -------------new File(String parent, String child)--------------------
E/test: new File("mFileName", "11") =/mFileName/11
E/test: new File("/mFileName", "22") =/mFileName/22
E/test: new File("mFileName/", "33") =/mFileName/33
E/test: new File("/mFile/Name/", "4/4") =/mFile/Name/4/4
E/BxShare: new File("mFileName", "55") =/mFileName/55
E/test: new File("mFileName", "66") =/mFileName/66

參考代碼：

運行結果：

// 藍牙
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.android.bluetooth,name = com.android.bluetooth.opp.BluetoothOppLauncherActivity
// 短信
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.android.mms,name = com.android.mms.ui.ComposeMessageRouterActivity
// 用戶反饋
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.miui.bugreport,name = com.miui.bugreport.ui.FeedbackActivity
// 添加到我的收藏
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.miui.personalassistant,name = com.miui.personalassistant.collection.ShareRouteActivity
// 學習強國
E/activityInfo: packageName = cn.xuexi.android,name = com.alibaba.android.rimet.biz.XuexiSchemeTransferActivity
// 釘釘
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.alibaba.android.rimet,name = com.alibaba.android.rimet.biz.BokuiActivity
// 電子郵件
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.android.email,name = com.kingsoft.mail.compose.ComposeActivity
// 高德地圖
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.autonavi.minimap,name = com.autonavi.map.activity.NewMapActivity
// 轉發到百度動態
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.baidu.searchbox,name = com.baidu.searchbox.systemshare.SystemShareToUGC
// 百度識圖
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.baidu.searchbox,name = com.baidu.searchbox.push.systemshare.SystemShareDispatcherActivity
// 支付寶二維碼識別
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.eg.android.AlipayGphone,name = com.alipay.mobile.quinox.splash.ShareScanQRDispenseActivity
// 支付寶
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.eg.android.AlipayGphone,name = com.alipay.mobile.quinox.splash.ShareDispenseActivity
// 快手極速版
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.kuaishou.nebula,name = com.yxcorp.gifshow.activity.UriRouterActivity
// 便簽
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.miui.notes,name = com.miui.notes.ui.activity.EditActivity
// 網易郵箱大師
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.netease.mail,name = com.netease.mobimail.activity.LaunchComposeActivity
// 今日頭條極速版
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.ss.android.article.lite,name = com.android.bytedance.search.SearchActivity
// 抖音
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.ss.android.ugc.aweme,name = com.ss.android.ugc.aweme.share.SystemShareActivity
// 拍立淘（淘寶）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.taobao.taobao,name = com.etao.feimagesearch.IrpActivity
// 去淘寶搜索（淘寶）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.taobao.taobao,name = com.taobao.search.sf.MainSearchResultActivity
// 淘寶（淘寶）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.taobao.taobao,name = com.tmall.wireless.module.search.searchResult.TMSearchResultActivity
// 發給給好友（微信）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.tencent.mm,name = com.tencent.mm.ui.tools.ShareImgUI
// 添加到微信收藏（微信）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.tencent.mm,name = com.tencent.mm.ui.tools.AddFavoriteUI
// 發送到朋友圈（微信）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.tencent.mm,name = com.tencent.mm.ui.tools.ShareToTimeLineUI
// 發送給好友（qq）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.tencent.mobileqq,name = com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.JumpActivity
// 發送到我的電腦（qq）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.tencent.mobileqq,name = com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.qfileJumpActivity
// 面對面快傳（免流量）（qq）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.tencent.mobileqq,name = cooperation.qlink.QlinkShareJumpActivity
// 保存到QQ收藏（qq）
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.tencent.mobileqq,name = cooperation.qqfav.widget.QfavJumpActivity
// 保存到悟空遙控器
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.wukongtv.wkremote.client,name = com.wukongtv.wkremote.client.pushscreen.PushScreenForShareActivity
// 掃一掃
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.xiaomi.scanner,name = com.xiaomi.scanner.app.ScanActivity
// 米家列印
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.xiaomi.smarthome,name = com.xiaomi.smarthome.printer.SendPrintActivity
// 喜馬拉雅
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.ximalaya.ting.android,name = com.ximalaya.ting.android.host.activity.MainActivity
// 拼多多
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.xunmeng.pinduoduo,name = com.xunmeng.pinduoduo.share.system.GalleryShareActivity

// 藍牙
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.android.bluetooth,name = com.android.bluetooth.opp.BluetoothOppLauncherActivity
// 短信
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.android.mms,name = com.android.mms.ui.ComposeMessageActivity
// Android Beam
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.android.nfc,name = com.android.nfc.BeamShareActivity
// X瀏覽器
E/activityInfo: packageName = com.mmbox.xbrowser,name = com.mmbox.xbrowser.BrowserActivity

PS：不同手機（android系統不一樣），同樣是短信，也會有所差異：

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1. 資料和檔案存盤概覽 | Android 開發者 | Android Developers

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