文章目錄

前言
1.SSM的定義
2. SSM整合開發的流程
3.SSM整合需要用到的容器
4. SSM整合的實作步驟
- 1.準備好本次專案所需要使用的資料庫表
- 2.新建maven web專案
- 3.加入依賴:
- 4.撰寫xml檔案
- 5.創建各種包的結構，比如service，dao，entity，controller等包
- 6.撰寫SpringMvc，Spring，Mybatis的組態檔我這里都是放在resource的conf目錄之下
- 7.開始撰寫代碼，比如dao介面，dao的mapper檔案，以及service，controller等等
- 8.撰寫jsp頁面來發送請求，以及三個在WEB-INF下的結果頁面
- 9.將專案搭建到Tomcat服務器上，
- 10.啟動Tomcat服務器
- 11.驗證我們所做的專案，看各個功能是否可以正常使用

前言

本文講解了一個簡單的SSM整合流程，實作了對資料庫表的增刪查操作

1.SSM的定義

SSM 編程，即 SpringMVC + Spring + MyBatis 整合，是當前最為流行的 JavaEE 開發技術架構，其實 SSM 整合的實質，僅僅就是將 MyBatis整合入 Spring，因為 SpringMVC原本就是 Spring
的一部分，不用專門整合，
SSM 整合的實作方式可分為兩種：基于 XML 配置方式，基于注解方式，

2. SSM整合開發的流程

用戶發起請求---->SpringMvc接受請求---->交給Spring中的service物件---->最后有service呼叫dao來處理資料，

3.SSM整合需要用到的容器

1.SpringMvc的容器：負責管理Controller物件以及web相關的物件，
2.Spring的容器：負責管理service，dao，工具類等物件，

4. SSM整合的實作步驟

1.準備好本次專案所需要使用的資料庫表

這是我本次專案所使用的學生表
在這里插入圖片描述

2.新建maven web專案

3.加入依賴:

需要加入到的依賴有:

<!--springmvc依賴-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!--mybatis依賴-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
  <version>3.5.1</version>
</dependency>

<!--spring核心，ioc-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!--用于spring的事務-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!--mybatis和spring集成依賴-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
  <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>

<!--mysql驅動-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  <version>8.0.19</version>
</dependency>

<!--jackson依賴-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
  <version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
  <version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>

<!--阿里公司的資料庫連接池-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.12</version>
</dependency>

<!--servlet依賴-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
  <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.0</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<!--jsp依賴-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
  <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
  <version>2.2.1-b03</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<!--加入監聽器依賴-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

4.撰寫xml檔案

1.注冊DispatcherServlet(中央調度器)，

目的有兩點:
1)創建SpringMvc容器，創建了SpringMvc容器了就會有Controller物件，
2)DispatcherServlet是一個Servlet，有了Servlet才能夠處理請求

注冊Spring的監聽器【ContextLoaderListener】，

目的是創建spring容器，這樣才有dao，service等物件，

注冊字符集過濾器，

目的是解決post請求方式出現的亂碼情況，

下面是我配置的xml檔案

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

<!--中央調度器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>fearless</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:conf/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>fearless</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>


<!--注冊監聽器，用于創建spring容器-->
    <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:conf/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
   </listener>

    <!--關閉mysql資源的監聽器-->
    <listener>
    <listener-class>com.fearless.listener.ContextFinalizer</listener-class>
    </listener>

  
  <!--宣告字符集過濾器，用于解決post方式請求亂碼的現象-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
       <init-param>
          <param-name>encoding</param-name>
          <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
       <init-param>
          <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
          <param-value>true</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <init-param>
         <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
         <param-value>true</param-value>
      </init-param>
    </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
       <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5.創建各種包的結構，比如service，dao，entity，controller等包

在這里插入圖片描述

6.撰寫SpringMvc，Spring，Mybatis的組態檔我這里都是放在resource的conf目錄之下

在這里插入圖片描述

下面是SpringMvc的組態檔,檔案名叫dispatcherServlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--springMvc組態檔，用于管理Controller物件以及Web相關的物件-->


    <!--使用組件掃描器來創建Controller物件-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.fearless.controller"/>

    <!--宣告視圖決議器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>


    <!--宣告注解驅動-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>

下面是Spring 的組態檔，檔案名叫application.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<!--spring組態檔，用于管理service，dao，工具類等物件，-->

<!--指定屬性組態檔-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder>


<!--資料源物件-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
    init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

<!--factory物件-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:conf/mybatis.xml"/>
    </bean>


<!--宣告mybatis的掃描器來創建dao物件-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.fearless.dao"/>
    </bean>

<!--使用component來創建service物件-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.fearless.service"/>


<!--事務的配置:1)注解的配置  2)aspectj的配置-->
</beans>

下面是Mybatis的組態檔

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

<!--別名設定-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.fearless.entity"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--
        sql mapper(sql映射檔案) 的位置
    -->
    <mappers>
        <package name="com.fearless.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

以及資料的屬性組態檔

jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=CTT
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

7.開始撰寫代碼，比如dao介面，dao的mapper檔案，以及service，controller等等

首先是物體類Student放在entity包下`

package com.fearless.entity;

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private  String name;
    private String email;
    private Integer age;


    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

下面是dao包中的dao介面和mapper檔案

dao介面

package com.fearless.dao;

import com.fearless.entity.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentDao {

    int addStudent(Student student);

    List<Student> queryAllStudent();

    int deleteStudent(Integer id);

}

mapper檔案

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.fearless.dao.StudentDao">
    <select id="queryAllStudent" resultType="Student">
        select id,name,age from student order by id
    </select>
    <insert id="addStudent">
        insert into student(id,name,email,age) values (#{id},#{name},#{email},#{age})
    </insert>
    <delete id="deleteStudent">
        delete from student where id=#{id}
    </delete>
</mapper>

下面是service介面及其實作類，放在service包下

service介面

package com.fearless.service;
import com.fearless.entity.Student;
import java.util.List;

public interface StudentService {
    List<Student> queryStudent();

    int addStudents(Student student);

    int deleteStudentById(Integer id);
}

service介面實作類

package com.fearless.service.impl;
import com.fearless.dao.StudentDao;
import com.fearless.entity.Student;
import com.fearless.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;


@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
    /*參考型別的自動注入@Autowired,@Resource
    *   @Resource:先按byName，byName找不到了再用byType
    *   @Autowired使用byType，
    * */
    @Resource
    private StudentDao studentDao;

    //查詢所有學生
    public List<Student> queryStudent() {
        List<Student> list=studentDao.queryAllStudent();
        return list;
    }

    //注冊學生
    public int addStudents(Student student) {
        int num=studentDao.addStudent(student);
        return num;
    }

    //洗掉學生
    public int deleteStudentById(Integer id) {
        int num=studentDao.deleteStudent(id);
        return num;
    }
}

下面是controller類，放在controller包下

package com.fearless.controller;
import com.fearless.entity.Student;
import com.fearless.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class ControllerOne {

    //參考資料型別賦值(自動注入)
    @Resource
    private StudentService service;

    //注冊學生的處理器方法
    @RequestMapping(value = "/register")
    public ModelAndView addStudentController(Student student){
        //呼叫service物件來處理請求
         int num=service.addStudents(student);
         String tips="";
         if(num>0){
             //注冊成功
             tips=student.getName()+"注冊成功";
         }

        ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("注冊結果",tips);
        mv.setViewName("result");
        return mv;
    }

    //洗掉學生的處理器方法
    @RequestMapping(value = "/delete")
    public ModelAndView doDelete(Integer id){
        String tips="編號是"+id+"洗掉失敗";
        //呼叫service物件來處理請求業務
        int num=service.deleteStudentById(id);

        if(num>0){
            tips="iD是"+id+"的學生資訊洗掉成功";
        }
        ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("tip",tips);
        mv.setViewName("result2");
        return mv;
    }


    //瀏覽所有學生的處理器方法
    @RequestMapping(value = "/all")
    @ResponseBody
    public List<Student> doView(){
        return  service.queryStudent();
    }
}

8.撰寫jsp頁面來發送請求，以及三個在WEB-INF下的結果頁面

這是各類視圖的結構

index.jsp頁面代碼


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>夢開始的地方，</title>
</head>
<body>
    <center>
        <h5 style="color: blue">開始吧</h5>
        <h3><a href="add.jsp">注冊學生</a></h3>
        <h3><a href="delete.jsp">洗掉學生</a></h3>
        <h3><a href="viewAllStudents.jsp">瀏覽所有學生</a></h3>
    </center>
</body>
</html>

add.jsp頁面代碼


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>注冊頁面</title>
</head>
<body>
<body>
<center>
    <h5 style="color: blue">開始吧</h5>
    <form action="student/register" method="post">
        <table border="2">
            <tr>
                <td>ID</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="id"><br></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>名字</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="name"><br></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>郵箱</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="email"><br></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>年齡</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="age"><br></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><input type="submit" value="注冊"></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>
</center>
</body>
</body>
</html>

delete.jsp頁面代碼


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>注冊頁面</title>
</head>
<body>
<body>
<center>
    <h5 style="color: blue">開始吧</h5>
    <form action="student/register" method="post">
        <table border="2">
            <tr>
                <td>ID</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="id"><br></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>名字</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="name"><br></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>郵箱</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="email"><br></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>年齡</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="age"><br></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><input type="submit" value="注冊"></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>
</center>
</body>
</body>
</html>

viewAllStudents.jsp頁面代碼，這里我們使用了jQuery的ajax請求，所以需要匯入jQuery的庫檔案，


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>所有學生</title>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/myjQuery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function(){
            //頁面加載完畢直接執行loadStudents方法
            loadStudents()
            $("#btn01").click(function () {
                loadStudents()
            })
        })

        function loadStudents() {
            $.ajax({
                url:"student/all",
                type:"get",
                dataType:"json",
                success(resp){
                    //先將舊的資料清除
                    $("#info").html("")
                    $.each(resp,function(i,n){
                        //添加新的資料
                        $("#info").append("<tr>")
                            .append("<td>"+n.id+"</td>")
                            .append("<td>"+n.name+"</td>")
                            .append("<td>"+n.email+"</td>")
                            .append("<td>"+n.age+"</td>")
                            .append("</tr>")
                    })
                }
            })
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <center>
        <div>
        <table border="3">
            <thead>
                <tr>
                    <td>id</td>
                    <td>姓名</td>
                    <td>郵箱</td>
                    <td>年齡</td>
                </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody id="info">

            </tbody>
        </table>
        </div>
        <a href="student/all">瀏覽</a><br>
        <input type="button" id="btn01" value="按鈕">
    </center>
</body>
</html>

result1.jsp代碼


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>結果頁面</title>
</head>
<body>
    <center>
        <h4>結果頁面</h4>
        <h4>${注冊結果}</h4>
    </center>
</body>
</html>

result2.jsp代碼


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>結果頁面</title>
</head>
<body>
    <center>
        <h4 style="color: darkgoldenrod">${tip}</h4>
    </center>
</body>
</html>