1、修改訪問埠為自定義埠

需要預先準備一臺目標網頁服務，此處選擇為Tomcat服務，服務器IP地址為10.81.20.165，埠選擇為默認埠8080；

配置Nginx組態檔：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    server {
        listen       8001 default_server;
        listen       [::]:8001 default_server;
        #修改偵聽埠為自定義埠；
        server_name  10.81.20.167;
        #修改服務名稱為服務器對應IP地址；
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://10.81.20.165:8080;
            #配置代理目標為10.81.20.165的8080埠，此處為Tomcat；
        }

修改本地主機hosts檔案或者DNS使得域名可達，即可訪問到目標網頁；
本地hosts配置內容：10.81.20.167 www.aaa.com

2、針對訪問URI跳轉到不同的訪問埠頁面

準備兩個Tomcat服務，埠分別為8080與8081（埠可以自定義設定，不沖突即可）；

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /tmp/tomcat({8080,8081}
[root@localhost ~]# cp /root/apache-tomcat-9.0.54.tar.gz /tmp/tomcat8080/apache-tomcat-9.0.54.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cp /root/apache-tomcat-9.0.54.tar.gz /tmp/tomcat8081/apache-tomcat-9.0.54.tar.gz

部署第一臺Tomcat服務8080埠；

[root@localhost ~]# ll /tmp/ | grep tomcat
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 69 Oct 12 20:23 tomcat8080
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 69 Oct 12 20:20 tomcat8081
[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp/tomcat8080/
[root@localhost tomcat8080]# tar -xvf apache-tomcat-9.0.54.tar.gz 
[root@localhost tomcat8080]# cd apache-tomcat-9.0.54/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# sh startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /tmp/tomcat8080/apache-tomcat-9.0.54
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /tmp/tomcat8080/apache-tomcat-9.0.54
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /tmp/tomcat8080/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /tmp/tomcat8080/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/bin/bootstrap.jar:/tmp/tomcat8080/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   
Tomcat started.

部署第二臺Tomcat服務8081埠；

[root@localhost bin]# cd ../../../tomcat8081/
[root@localhost tomcat8081]# tar -xvf apache-tomcat-9.0.54.tar.gz
[root@localhost tomcat8081]# cd apache-tomcat-9.0.54/conf/
[root@localhost conf]# vim server.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
     define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
     Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
 -->
<Server port="8015" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
#修改服務埠（自行設定，默認為8005），不能埠沖突；
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
  <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
  -->
  <!-- APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
  <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

  <!-- Global JNDI resources
       Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
  -->
  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
         UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
    -->
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
  </GlobalNamingResources>

  <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
       a single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
       so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
       Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
   -->
  <Service name="Catalina">

    <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
    <!--
    <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
        maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
    -->


    <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
         and responses are returned. Documentation at :
         Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html
         Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
         APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
         Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
    -->
    <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
#修改鏈接埠，默認為8080；
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8444" />
    <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
    <!--
    <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
               port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    -->
    <!-- Define an SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
         This connector uses the NIO implementation. The default
         SSLImplementation will depend on the presence of the APR/native
         library and the useOpenSSL attribute of the
         AprLifecycleListener.
         Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used regardless of
         the SSLImplementation selected. JSSE style configuration is used below.
    -->
    <!--
    <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
               maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true">
        <SSLHostConfig>
            <Certificate certificateKeystoreFile="conf/localhost-rsa.jks"
                         type="RSA" />
        </SSLHostConfig>
    </Connector>
    -->
    <!-- Define an SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 with HTTP/2
         This connector uses the APR/native implementation which always uses
         OpenSSL for TLS.
         Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used. OpenSSL style
         configuration is used below.
    -->
    <!--
    <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
               maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" >
        <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
        <SSLHostConfig>
            <Certificate certificateKeyFile="conf/localhost-rsa-key.pem"
                         certificateFile="conf/localhost-rsa-cert.pem"
                         certificateChainFile="conf/localhost-rsa-chain.pem"
                         type="RSA" />
        </SSLHostConfig>
    </Connector>
    -->

    <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
    <!--
    <Connector protocol="AJP/1.3"
               address="::1"
               port="8009"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    -->

    <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
         every request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
         analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
         on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
         Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

    <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
    -->
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

      <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
          /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)
          /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
      <!--
      <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
      -->

      <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
           via a brute-force attack -->
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
             resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
             that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
             available for use by the Realm.  -->
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
        <!--
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
        -->

        <!-- Access log processes all example.
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>
[root@localhost conf]# cd ../bin/
[root@localhost bin]# sh startup.sh

創建兩個不同埠服務訪問目標特征引數；

[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp/tomcat8080/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/webapps/
[root@localhost webapps]# mkdir edu
[root@localhost webapps]# cd edu/
[root@localhost edu]# cat a.html 
<h1>8080!!!</h1>

使用瀏覽器測驗訪問；

[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp/tomcat8081/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/webapps/
[root@localhost webapps]# mkdir vod
[root@localhost webapps]# cd vod/
[root@localhost vod]# cat b.html 
<h1>8081!!!</h1>

使用瀏覽器測驗訪問；

配置Nginx組態檔；

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
~
    server {
        listen       9001 default_server;
        #偵聽埠為9001；
	server_name  192.168.174.129;
        location ~ /edu/ {
            #訪問路徑包含edu則跳轉到本地8080埠；
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        }
        location ~ /vod/ {
            #訪問路徑包含vod則跳轉到本地8081埠；
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
        }
    }
~

#組態檔修改，需要重啟服務；

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nginx

使用瀏覽器驗證反向代理是否成功；