我正在 mac 上構建一個 swiftUI 應用程式，我想知道是否有辦法在應用程式運行時或在后臺模擬鍵盤快捷鍵。我使用這個應用程式的目標是在我的服務器向我發送相應的手勢資訊時呼叫快捷方式。我正在考慮使用，NSEvent.addGlobalMonitorForEvents(matching: .keyDown, handler: self.handler)但我認為這更多的是重新編程快捷方式，而不僅僅是呼叫它們。
例如，如果我的服務器向我發送了一個字串，上面寫著“粘貼”，那么無論我在哪個螢屏上，只要我的應用程式正在運行，我將如何呼叫命令粘貼快捷方式。任何幫助或資訊將不勝感激！
uj5u.com熱心網友回復：
我的 Mac 上有這個游樂場，所以我想在這里分享一下，以防萬一：
import Cocoa
let src = CGEventSource(stateID: .hidSystemState)
let down = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x12, keyDown: true)!
let up = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x12, keyDown: false)!
sleep(5)
////down?.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
////up?.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
////down?.flags = .maskCommand
//
//let cmd_d = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x37, keyDown: true)!
//let cmd_u = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x37, keyDown: false)!
//let a_d = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x00, keyDown: true)!
//let a_u = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x00, keyDown: false)!
//let delete_d = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x33, keyDown: true)!
//let delete_u = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: 0x33, keyDown: false)!
//
//down.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
//up.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
//sleep(1)
////cmd_d.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
//a_d.flags = .maskCommand
//a_u.flags = .maskCommand
//a_d.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
//a_u.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
////cmd_u.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
//sleep(1)
//delete_d.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
//delete_u.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
enum KeyCode: UInt16 {
// https://gist.github.com/swillits/df648e87016772c7f7e5dbed2b345066
// Layout-independent Keys
// eg.These key codes are always the same key on all layouts.
case returnKey = 0x24
// case enter = 0x4C //0x24
case tab = 0x30
case space = 0x31
case delete = 0x33
case escape = 0x35
case command = 0x37
case shift = 0x38
case capsLock = 0x39
case option = 0x3A
case control = 0x3B
case rightShift = 0x3C
case rightOption = 0x3D
case rightControl = 0x3E
case leftArrow = 0x7B
case rightArrow = 0x7C
case downArrow = 0x7D
case upArrow = 0x7E
case volumeUp = 0x48
case volumeDown = 0x49
case mute = 0x4A
case help = 0x72
case home = 0x73
case pageUp = 0x74
case forwardDelete = 0x75
case end = 0x77
case pageDown = 0x79
case function = 0x3F
case f1 = 0x7A
case f2 = 0x78
case f4 = 0x76
case f5 = 0x60
case f6 = 0x61
case f7 = 0x62
case f3 = 0x63
case f8 = 0x64
case f9 = 0x65
case f10 = 0x6D
case f11 = 0x67
case f12 = 0x6F
case f13 = 0x69
case f14 = 0x6B
case f15 = 0x71
case f16 = 0x6A
case f17 = 0x40
case f18 = 0x4F
case f19 = 0x50
case f20 = 0x5A
// US-ANSI Keyboard Positions
// eg. These key codes are for the physical key (in any keyboard layout)
// at the location of the named key in the US-ANSI layout.
case a = 0x00
case b = 0x0B
case c = 0x08
case d = 0x02
case e = 0x0E
case f = 0x03
case g = 0x05
case h = 0x04
case i = 0x22
case j = 0x26
case k = 0x28
case l = 0x25
case m = 0x2E
case n = 0x2D
case o = 0x1F
case p = 0x23
case q = 0x0C
case r = 0x0F
case s = 0x01
case t = 0x11
case u = 0x20
case v = 0x09
case w = 0x0D
case x = 0x07
case y = 0x10
case z = 0x06
case zero = 0x1D
case one = 0x12
case two = 0x13
case three = 0x14
case four = 0x15
case five = 0x17
case six = 0x16
case seven = 0x1A
case eight = 0x1C
case nine = 0x19
case equals = 0x18
case minus = 0x1B
case semicolon = 0x29
case apostrophe = 0x27
case comma = 0x2B
case period = 0x2F
case forwardSlash = 0x2C
case backslash = 0x2A
case grave = 0x32
case leftBracket = 0x21
case rightBracket = 0x1E
case keypadDecimal = 0x41
case keypadMultiply = 0x43
case keypadPlus = 0x45
case keypadClear = 0x47
case keypadDivide = 0x4B
case keypadEnter = 0x4C
case keypadMinus = 0x4E
case keypadEquals = 0x51
case keypad0 = 0x52
case keypad1 = 0x53
case keypad2 = 0x54
case keypad3 = 0x55
case keypad4 = 0x56
case keypad5 = 0x57
case keypad6 = 0x58
case keypad7 = 0x59
case keypad8 = 0x5B
case keypad9 = 0x5C
}
func press(_ key: KeyCode, withModifiers modifiers: CGEventFlags = .init()) {
let down = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: key.rawValue, keyDown: true)!
let up = CGEvent(keyboardEventSource: src, virtualKey: key.rawValue, keyDown: false)!
down.flags = modifiers
up.flags = modifiers
down.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
up.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)
}
struct KeyPress {
let key: KeyCode
let modifiers: CGEventFlags
}
func press(_ key: KeyPress) {
press(key.key, withModifiers: key.modifiers)
}
/// An enum representing possible typing rates.
///
/// - allAtOnce: All the text should be typed at once.
/// - consistent: The text should be typed at a reasonable speed, but with no variance in delay.
/// - natural: The text should be typed so that it appears natural.
/// - customConsistent: The text should be typed at a consistent speed, specified by the associated value.
/// - customVarying: The text should be typed around a given speed, with 5 possible ranges of variation. Both the base speed and the maximum variance are specified by associated values.
public enum Rate {
/// All the text should be typed at once.
case allAtOnce
/// The text should be typed at a reasonable speed, but with no variance in delay.
case consistent
/// The text should be typed so that it appears natural.
case natural
/// The text should be typed at a specified consistent speed.
/// - μsecondDelay: The delay between each key typed.
case customConsistent(μsecondDelay: UInt32)
/// The text should be typed around a specified given speed, with specified variation. The base delay should be the average delay time, and the max variance is the maximum distance from the average to the fastest/slowest possible delay.
/// - μsecondBaseDelay: The base delay between each key typed.
/// - maxVariance: The delay between each key typed.
case customVarying(μsecondBaseDelay: UInt32, maxVariance: UInt32)
}
func type(_ text: [KeyPress], typing: Rate = .natural) {
for character in text {
press(character)
switch typing {
case .allAtOnce:
usleep(0001000)
case .consistent:
usleep(0100000)
case .natural:
var sleepTime = UInt32.random(in: 0...4)
sleepTime *= 10000
usleep(0080000 sleepTime)
case .customConsistent(let μsecondDelay):
usleep(μsecondDelay)
case let .customVarying(μsecondBaseDelay, maxVariance):
var sleepTime = UInt32.random(in: 0...4)
let base = μsecondBaseDelay - maxVariance
sleepTime *= (maxVariance / 2)
let μsecondDelay = base sleepTime
usleep(μsecondDelay)
}
}
}
let lowercaseCharMap: [Character: KeyCode] = [
"a": .a,
"b": .b,
"c": .c,
"d": .d,
"e": .e,
"f": .f,
"g": .g,
"h": .h,
"i": .i,
"j": .j,
"k": .k,
"l": .l,
"m": .m,
"n": .n,
"o": .o,
"p": .p,
"q": .q,
"r": .r,
"s": .s,
"t": .t,
"u": .u,
"v": .v,
"w": .w,
"x": .x,
"y": .y,
"z": .z,
"0": .zero,
"1": .one,
"2": .two,
"3": .three,
"4": .four,
"5": .five,
"6": .six,
"7": .seven,
"8": .eight,
"9": .nine,
"=": .equals,
"-": .minus,
";": .semicolon,
"'": .apostrophe,
",": .comma,
".": .period,
"/": .forwardSlash,
"\\": .backslash,
"`": .grave,
"[": .leftBracket,
"]": .rightBracket,
" ": .space
]
let uppercaseCharMap: [Character: KeyCode] = [
"A": .a,
"B": .b,
"C": .c,
"D": .d,
"E": .e,
"F": .f,
"G": .g,
"H": .h,
"I": .i,
"J": .j,
"K": .k,
"L": .l,
"M": .m,
"N": .n,
"O": .o,
"P": .p,
"Q": .q,
"R": .r,
"S": .s,
"T": .t,
"U": .u,
"V": .v,
"W": .w,
"X": .x,
"Y": .y,
"Z": .z,
")": .zero,
"!": .one,
"@": .two,
"#": .three,
"$": .four,
"%": .five,
"^": .six,
"&": .seven,
"*": .eight,
"(": .nine,
" ": .equals,
"_": .minus,
":": .semicolon,
"\"": .apostrophe,
"<": .comma,
">": .period,
"?": .forwardSlash,
"|": .backslash,
"~": .grave,
"{": .leftBracket,
"}": .rightBracket,
]
func type(_ text: String, typing: Rate = .natural) {
type(str_to_kparr(text), typing: typing)
}
type("Hello, there")
func str_to_kparr(_ str: String) -> [KeyPress] {
str.map { char -> KeyPress in
if let kc = lowercaseCharMap[char] {
return KeyPress(key: kc, modifiers: .init())
}
if let kc = uppercaseCharMap[char] {
return KeyPress(key: kc, modifiers: .maskShift)
}
return KeyPress(key: .three, modifiers: .maskShift)
}
}
func (lhs: String, rhs: [KeyPress]) -> [KeyPress] {
return str_to_kparr(lhs) rhs
}
func (lhs: [KeyPress], rhs: String) -> [KeyPress] {
return lhs str_to_kparr(rhs)
}
type("! General Kenobi" [.init(key: .a, modifiers: .maskCommand), .init(key: .delete, modifiers: .init()), .init(key: .space, modifiers: [.maskCommand])])
extension KeyPress {
static let returnKey = KeyPress(key: .returnKey, modifiers: .init())
static let enter = Self.returnKey
static let tab = KeyPress(key: .tab, modifiers: .init())
static let space = KeyPress(key: .space, modifiers: .init())
static let delete = KeyPress(key: .delete, modifiers: .init())
static let escape = KeyPress(key: .escape, modifiers: .init())
static let command = KeyPress(key: .command, modifiers: .init())
static let shift = KeyPress(key: .shift, modifiers: .init())
static let capsLock = KeyPress(key: .capsLock, modifiers: .init())
static let option = KeyPress(key: .option, modifiers: .init())
static let control = KeyPress(key: .control, modifiers: .init())
static let rightShift = KeyPress(key: .rightShift, modifiers: .init())
static let rightOption = KeyPress(key: .rightOption, modifiers: .init())
static let rightControl = KeyPress(key: .rightControl, modifiers: .init())
static let leftArrow = KeyPress(key: .leftArrow, modifiers: .init())
static let rightArrow = KeyPress(key: .rightArrow, modifiers: .init())
static let downArrow = KeyPress(key: .downArrow, modifiers: .init())
static let upArrow = KeyPress(key: .upArrow, modifiers: .init())
static let volumeUp = KeyPress(key: .volumeUp, modifiers: .init())
static let volumeDown = KeyPress(key: .volumeDown, modifiers: .init())
static let mute = KeyPress(key: .mute, modifiers: .init())
static let help = KeyPress(key: .help, modifiers: .init())
static let home = KeyPress(key: .home, modifiers: .init())
static let pageUp = KeyPress(key: .pageUp, modifiers: .init())
static let forwardDelete = KeyPress(key: .forwardDelete, modifiers: .init())
static let end = KeyPress(key: .end, modifiers: .init())
static let pageDown = KeyPress(key: .pageDown, modifiers: .init())
static let function = KeyPress(key: .function, modifiers: .init())
static let f1 = KeyPress(key: .f1, modifiers: .init())
static let f2 = KeyPress(key: .f2, modifiers: .init())
static let f4 = KeyPress(key: .f4, modifiers: .init())
static let f5 = KeyPress(key: .f5, modifiers: .init())
static let f6 = KeyPress(key: .f6, modifiers: .init())
static let f7 = KeyPress(key: .f7, modifiers: .init())
static let f3 = KeyPress(key: .f3, modifiers: .init())
static let f8 = KeyPress(key: .f8, modifiers: .init())
static let f9 = KeyPress(key: .f9, modifiers: .init())
static let f10 = KeyPress(key: .f10, modifiers: .init())
static let f11 = KeyPress(key: .f11, modifiers: .init())
static let f12 = KeyPress(key: .f12, modifiers: .init())
static let f13 = KeyPress(key: .f13, modifiers: .init())
static let f14 = KeyPress(key: .f14, modifiers: .init())
static let f15 = KeyPress(key: .f15, modifiers: .init())
static let f16 = KeyPress(key: .f16, modifiers: .init())
static let f17 = KeyPress(key: .f17, modifiers: .init())
static let f18 = KeyPress(key: .f18, modifiers: .init())
static let f19 = KeyPress(key: .f19, modifiers: .init())
static let f20 = KeyPress(key: .f20, modifiers: .init())
// US-ANSI Keyboard Positions
// eg. These key codes are for the physical key (in any keyboard layout)
// at the location of the named key in the US-ANSI layout.
static let a = KeyPress(key: .a, modifiers: .init())
static let b = KeyPress(key: .b, modifiers: .init())
static let c = KeyPress(key: .c, modifiers: .init())
static let d = KeyPress(key: .d, modifiers: .init())
static let e = KeyPress(key: .e, modifiers: .init())
static let f = KeyPress(key: .f, modifiers: .init())
static let g = KeyPress(key: .g, modifiers: .init())
static let h = KeyPress(key: .h, modifiers: .init())
static let i = KeyPress(key: .i, modifiers: .init())
static let j = KeyPress(key: .j, modifiers: .init())
static let k = KeyPress(key: .k, modifiers: .init())
static let l = KeyPress(key: .l, modifiers: .init())
static let m = KeyPress(key: .m, modifiers: .init())
static let n = KeyPress(key: .n, modifiers: .init())
static let o = KeyPress(key: .o, modifiers: .init())
static let p = KeyPress(key: .p, modifiers: .init())
static let q = KeyPress(key: .q, modifiers: .init())
static let r = KeyPress(key: .r, modifiers: .init())
static let s = KeyPress(key: .s, modifiers: .init())
static let t = KeyPress(key: .t, modifiers: .init())
static let u = KeyPress(key: .u, modifiers: .init())
static let v = KeyPress(key: .v, modifiers: .init())
static let w = KeyPress(key: .w, modifiers: .init())
static let x = KeyPress(key: .x, modifiers: .init())
static let y = KeyPress(key: .y, modifiers: .init())
static let z = KeyPress(key: .z, modifiers: .init())
static let A = KeyPress(key: .a, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let B = KeyPress(key: .b, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let C = KeyPress(key: .c, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let D = KeyPress(key: .d, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let E = KeyPress(key: .e, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let F = KeyPress(key: .f, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let G = KeyPress(key: .g, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let H = KeyPress(key: .h, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let I = KeyPress(key: .i, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let J = KeyPress(key: .j, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let K = KeyPress(key: .k, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let L = KeyPress(key: .l, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let M = KeyPress(key: .m, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let N = KeyPress(key: .n, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let O = KeyPress(key: .o, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let P = KeyPress(key: .p, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let Q = KeyPress(key: .q, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let R = KeyPress(key: .r, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let S = KeyPress(key: .s, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let T = KeyPress(key: .t, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let U = KeyPress(key: .u, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let V = KeyPress(key: .v, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let W = KeyPress(key: .w, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let X = KeyPress(key: .x, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let Y = KeyPress(key: .y, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let Z = KeyPress(key: .z, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let zero = KeyPress(key: .zero, modifiers: .init())
static let one = KeyPress(key: .one, modifiers: .init())
static let two = KeyPress(key: .two, modifiers: .init())
static let three = KeyPress(key: .three, modifiers: .init())
static let four = KeyPress(key: .four, modifiers: .init())
static let five = KeyPress(key: .five, modifiers: .init())
static let six = KeyPress(key: .six, modifiers: .init())
static let seven = KeyPress(key: .seven, modifiers: .init())
static let eight = KeyPress(key: .eight, modifiers: .init())
static let nine = KeyPress(key: .nine, modifiers: .init())
static let leftParenthesis = KeyPress(key: .zero, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let exclamationPoint = KeyPress(key: .one, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let atSign = KeyPress(key: .two, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let numberSign = KeyPress(key: .three, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let dollarSign = KeyPress(key: .four, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let percent = KeyPress(key: .five, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let caret = KeyPress(key: .six, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let ampersand = KeyPress(key: .seven, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let asterisk = KeyPress(key: .eight, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let rightParenthesis = KeyPress(key: .nine, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let equals = KeyPress(key: .equals, modifiers: .init())
static let minus = KeyPress(key: .minus, modifiers: .init())
static let semicolon = KeyPress(key: .semicolon, modifiers: .init())
static let apostrophe = KeyPress(key: .apostrophe, modifiers: .init())
static let comma = KeyPress(key: .comma, modifiers: .init())
static let period = KeyPress(key: .period, modifiers: .init())
static let forwardSlash = KeyPress(key: .forwardSlash, modifiers: .init())
static let backslash = KeyPress(key: .backslash, modifiers: .init())
static let grave = KeyPress(key: .grave, modifiers: .init())
static let leftBracket = KeyPress(key: .leftBracket, modifiers: .init())
static let rightBracket = KeyPress(key: .rightBracket, modifiers: .init())
static let plus = KeyPress(key: .equals, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let underscore = KeyPress(key: .minus, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let colon = KeyPress(key: .semicolon, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let quotationMark = KeyPress(key: .apostrophe, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let lessThan = KeyPress(key: .comma, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let greaterThan = KeyPress(key: .period, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let questionMark = KeyPress(key: .forwardSlash, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let pipe = KeyPress(key: .backslash, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let tilde = KeyPress(key: .grave, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let leftBrace = KeyPress(key: .leftBracket, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let rightBrace = KeyPress(key: .rightBracket, modifiers: .maskShift)
static let keypadDecimal = KeyPress(key: .keypadDecimal, modifiers: .init())
static let keypadMultiply = KeyPress(key: .keypadMultiply, modifiers: .init())
static let keypadPlus = KeyPress(key: .keypadPlus, modifiers: .init())
static let keypadClear = KeyPress(key: .keypadClear, modifiers: .init())
static let keypadDivide = KeyPress(key: .keypadDivide, modifiers: .init())
static let keypadEnter = KeyPress(key: .keypadEnter, modifiers: .init())
static let keypadMinus = KeyPress(key: .keypadMinus, modifiers: .init())
static let keypadEquals = KeyPress(key: .keypadEquals, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad0 = KeyPress(key: .keypad0, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad1 = KeyPress(key: .keypad1, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad2 = KeyPress(key: .keypad2, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad3 = KeyPress(key: .keypad3, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad4 = KeyPress(key: .keypad4, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad5 = KeyPress(key: .keypad5, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad6 = KeyPress(key: .keypad6, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad7 = KeyPress(key: .keypad7, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad8 = KeyPress(key: .keypad8, modifiers: .init())
static let keypad9 = KeyPress(key: .keypad9, modifiers: .init())
}
extension KeyPress {
func withModifiers(_ modifiers: CGEventFlags) -> KeyPress {
return KeyPress(key: self.key, modifiers: modifiers)
}
func appendingModifiers(_ modifiers: CGEventFlags) -> KeyPress {
return self.withModifiers(self.modifiers.union(modifiers))
}
}
sleep(2)
type([KeyPress.space.withModifiers([.maskCommand])] "My name is Inigo Montoya. You killed my father. Prepare to die" [KeyPress.space.withModifiers([.maskCommand]), KeyPress.tab.withModifiers(.maskCommand), .command])
func (lhs: String, rhs: KeyPress) -> [KeyPress] {
return lhs [rhs]
}
func (lhs: KeyPress, rhs: String) -> [KeyPress] {
return [lhs] rhs
}
type([KeyPress.tab.withModifiers(.maskCommand), .command, KeyPress.space.withModifiers([.maskCommand])] "?")
一些注意事項：
- 我不知道是否
CGEventSource(stateID: .hidSystemState)正確，或者是否應該是不同的狀態。檢查檔案。 - 與
down.post(tap: .cghidEventTap)(檔案)相同 - 請注意，您需要發布一個
keyDown: true事件和一個keydown: false事件。 - 顯然，你不能鍵入特殊字符，如
?，所以這個代碼列印#，而不是 - 否則，您可以將字串傳遞給
type(_:typing:)它，它會輸入它。 - 在運行之前仔細閱讀這段代碼——它被設計為在 Spotlight 系結到命令空間的情況下運行（否則它可能會
#在重要的地方輸入），并將在第二個打開的應用程式的末尾輸入 a - 打字率列舉來自我的Typer 庫，它使用 AppleScript 打字（您的另一種選擇），但不支持修飾符。
如果您只使用 Mac，也可以使用 AppleScript 進行輸入。我相信這會做到：
tell app "System Events" to keystroke "v" using command down
tell app "System Events" to keystroke "v" using {shift down, command down}
看看我的 Typer 庫，看看我是如何編譯和運行 AppleScript 的。
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