使用Python進行XML排序

我是 Python 新手，需要一些幫助。我嘗試通過使用 LXML 按“描述”對“規則”標簽進行排序來重新排列 xml。我可以使用以下方法解決 DescriptionTags：

for elem in root.iter('{http://www.ProgramConfiguration/2.1}Description'):
print(elem.text)

但我不能用它來排序。

我想改變這個：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ProgramConfiguration xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.ProgramConfiguration/2.1">
  <Rules>
    <Rule RuleId="1" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Muster, Alex</Description>.
     <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false" />
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    <Rule RuleId="2" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Albert, Peter</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false" />
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    <Rule RuleId="3" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Rich, Sam</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false" />
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    <Rule RuleId="4" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Albert, Zack</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false" />
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
  </Rules>
</ProgramConfiguration>

進入這個：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ProgramConfiguration xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.ProgramConfiguration/2.1">
  <Rules>
    <Rule RuleId="2" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Albert, Peter</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false" />
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    <Rule RuleId="4" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Albert, Zack</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false" />
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    <Rule RuleId="1" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Muster, Alex</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false" />
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    <Rule RuleId="3" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Rich, Sam</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false" />
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
  </Rules>
</ProgramConfiguration>

我非常感謝任何幫助。

丹尼斯

不幸的是，我無法解釋更多，但我必須在我的帖子中添加更多細節，然后是代碼。所以我必須寫更多的詞，即使我不希望這只是為了填補這個空間。哇，我必須寫很多額外的東西來提交這個問題。很抱歉，但我的代碼示例只要它是。再次抱歉。

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

使用lxml包按元素文本排序

from lxml import etree
from io import BytesIO
xml_obj = BytesIO(xmlstr)

root = etree.parse(xml_obj).getroot()

# keys list before sorting
print(root.xpath('.//x:Rule/x:Description/text()', namespaces={'x': 'http://www.ProgramConfiguration/2.1'}))

for c in root.xpath('/x:ProgramConfiguration/x:Rules', namespaces={'x': 'http://www.ProgramConfiguration/2.1'}):
    c[:] = sorted(c, key=lambda child: (child.xpath('.//x:Description/text()', namespaces={'x': 'http://www.ProgramConfiguration/2.1'})))

# keys list after sorting
print(root.xpath('.//x:Rule/x:Description/text()', namespaces={'x': 'http://www.ProgramConfiguration/2.1'}))

xmlstr = etree.tostring(root, encoding="utf-8", method="xml")
print(xmlstr.decode("utf-8"))

結果：

['Muster, Alex', 'Albert, Peter', 'Rich, Sam', 'Albert, Zack']
['Albert, Peter', 'Albert, Zack', 'Muster, Alex', 'Rich, Sam']
<ProgramConfiguration xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.ProgramConfiguration/2.1">
  <Rules>
    <Rule RuleId="2" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Albert, Peter</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false"/>
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    <Rule RuleId="4" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Albert, Zack</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false"/>
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
  <Rule RuleId="1" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Muster, Alex</Description>.
     <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false"/>
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    <Rule RuleId="3" Enabled="true">
      <Description>Rich, Sam</Description>
      <WatchDirectories>
        <WatchDirectory Path="\server201...." WatchSubDirs="false"/>
      </WatchDirectories>
      <Actions>
        .
        .
        .
      </Actions>
    </Rule>
    </Rules>
</ProgramConfiguration>

標籤：Python xml

上一篇：在Node中如何從xml中提取資料？

下一篇：在Python中生成XML的最快方法