如何使用ElementTree決議xml以在pandas中使用它-有解無憂

我有一個相當大的 xml 檔案，其中包含多個不同的元素，類似于下面的一個：

<adrmsg:ADRMessage xmlns:adrmsg="http://www.eurocontrol.int/cfmu/b2b/ADRMessage"
    xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2" gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_1"
    xmlns:adrext="http://www.aixm.aero/schema/5.1.1/extensions/EUR/ADR"
    xmlns:aixm="http://www.aixm.aero/schema/5.1.1"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <adrmsg:hasMember>
        <aixm:Airspace gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93332">
            <gml:identifier codeSpace="urn:uuid:">3271922d-6b7a-4953-a6ff-599b17ab785e</gml:identifier>
            <aixm:timeSlice>
                <aixm:AirspaceTimeSlice gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93333">
                    <gml:validTime>
                        <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93334">
                            <gml:beginPosition>2021-10-07T00:00:00</gml:beginPosition>
                            <gml:endPosition indeterminatePosition="unknown"/>
                        </gml:TimePeriod>
                    </gml:validTime>
                    <aixm:interpretation>BASELINE</aixm:interpretation>
                    <aixm:featureLifetime>
                        <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93335">
                            <gml:beginPosition>2021-10-07T00:00:00</gml:beginPosition>
                            <gml:endPosition indeterminatePosition="unknown"/>
                        </gml:TimePeriod>
                    </aixm:featureLifetime>
                    <aixm:type>RAS</aixm:type>
                    <aixm:designator>EDGGNFRA</aixm:designator>
                    <aixm:name>EDGG NON FRA</aixm:name>
                    <aixm:designatorICAO>NO</aixm:designatorICAO>
                    <aixm:geometryComponent>
                        <aixm:AirspaceGeometryComponent gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93336">
                            <aixm:operation>BASE</aixm:operation>
                            <aixm:theAirspaceVolume>
                                <aixm:AirspaceVolume gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93337">
                                    <aixm:upperLimit uom="FL">265</aixm:upperLimit>
                                    <aixm:upperLimitReference>STD</aixm:upperLimitReference>
                                    <aixm:lowerLimit uom="FL">245</aixm:lowerLimit>
                                    <aixm:lowerLimitReference>STD</aixm:lowerLimitReference>
                                    <aixm:contributorAirspace>
                                        <aixm:AirspaceVolumeDependency gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93338">
                                            <aixm:dependency>HORZ_PROJECTION</aixm:dependency>
                                            <aixm:theAirspace xlink:href="urn:uuid:5831b5a2-4861-4bf5-ae99-d31413234cdb"/>
                                        </aixm:AirspaceVolumeDependency>
                                    </aixm:contributorAirspace>
                                </aixm:AirspaceVolume>
                            </aixm:theAirspaceVolume>
                        </aixm:AirspaceGeometryComponent>
                    </aixm:geometryComponent>
                    <aixm:geometryComponent>
                        <aixm:AirspaceGeometryComponent gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93339">
                            <aixm:operation>UNION</aixm:operation>
                            <aixm:theAirspaceVolume>
                                <aixm:AirspaceVolume gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93340">
                                    <aixm:upperLimit uom="FL">255</aixm:upperLimit>
                                    <aixm:upperLimitReference>STD</aixm:upperLimitReference>
                                    <aixm:lowerLimit uom="FL">245</aixm:lowerLimit>
                                    <aixm:lowerLimitReference>STD</aixm:lowerLimitReference>
                                    <aixm:contributorAirspace>
                                        <aixm:AirspaceVolumeDependency gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93341">
                                            <aixm:dependency>HORZ_PROJECTION</aixm:dependency>
                                            <aixm:theAirspace xlink:href="urn:uuid:dcd8301c-de12-4e6c-992f-fd8de781ab58"/>
                                        </aixm:AirspaceVolumeDependency>
                                    </aixm:contributorAirspace>
                                </aixm:AirspaceVolume>
                            </aixm:theAirspaceVolume>
                        </aixm:AirspaceGeometryComponent>
                    </aixm:geometryComponent>
                    <aixm:extension>
                        <adrext:AirspaceExtension gml:id="ID_197112_1650420171084_93342">
                            <adrext:usage>OPERATIONAL</adrext:usage>
                        </adrext:AirspaceExtension>
                    </aixm:extension>
                </aixm:AirspaceTimeSlice>
            </aixm:timeSlice>
        </aixm:Airspace>
    </adrmsg:hasMember>
.... many other <adrmsg:hasMember>
</adrmsg:ADRMessage>

我只添加了其中一個元素命名空間。

我的代碼嘗試：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import pandas as pd

ab = {"adrmsg":"http://www.eurocontrol.int/cfmu/b2b/ADRMessage",
    "gml":"http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2",
    "adrext":"http://www.aixm.aero/schema/5.1.1/extensions/EUR/ADR",
    "aixm": "http://www.aixm.aero/schema/5.1.1",
    "xlink":"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
    "id":"http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2",
    "href":"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
}

root_node = ET.parse('Airspace.xml').getroot()

pipare = []
verate = []
for tag in root_node.findall(".//aixm:Airspace" , ab):
    value = tag.find("gml:identifier", ab)
    for char in tag.findall(".//aixm:AirspaceTimeSlice", ab):
        for per in char.findall(".//aixm:type",ab):
            for ir in char.findall(".//aixm:name",ab):
                for epa in char.findall(".//aixm:designator", ab):
                    for op in char.findall(".//aixm:theAirspace[@xlink:href]", ab):
                        pipare = [value.text, char.attrib,per.text,ir.text,epa.text,op.attrib]
                        verate.append(pipare)
                        
                       
xml_todf = pd.DataFrame(verate, columns=['uuid','id','type','name','designator','contributorAirspace'])

正如您可能看到的那樣，我以一種非常“粗略”的方式嘗試決議該 XML，提取我感興趣的元素，最后將它們放入 pandas DataFrame。

當我“捕獲” .text 時，提取的資料就是我想要的，但是在捕獲屬性時，結果不僅是值，還有命名空間......我不知道該怎么做才能解決這個問題。讓我分享一下 pandas DataFrame 是如何顯示這些資料的：

uuid	ID	型別	姓名	代號	貢獻者空域
3271922d-6b7a-4953-a6ff-599b17ab785e	{'{http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2}id'：'ID_197112_1650420171084_93333'}	RAS	EDGG 非 FRA	EDGGNFRA	{'{http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink}href':'urn:uuid:5831b5a2-4861-4bf5-ae99-d31413234cdb'}
3271922d-6b7a-4953-a6ff-599b17ab785e	{'{http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2}id'：'ID_197112_1650420171084_93333'}	RAS	EDGG 非 FRA	EDGGNFRA	{'{http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink}href':'urn:uuid:dcd8301c-de12-4e6c-992f-fd8de781ab58'}

理想情況下，我希望有這樣的東西：

uuid	ID	型別	姓名	代號	貢獻者空域
3271922d-6b7a-4953-a6ff-599b17ab785e	'ID_197112_1650420171084_93333'}	RAS	EDGG 非 FRA	EDGGNFRA	5831b5a2-4861-4bf5-ae99-d31413234cdb，dcd8301c-de12-4e6c-992f-fd8de781ab58

但如果有人能幫助我達到這一點，我將不勝感激：

uuid	ID	型別	姓名	代號	貢獻者空域
3271922d-6b7a-4953-a6ff-599b17ab785e	'ID_197112_1650420171084_93333'}	RAS	EDGG 非 FRA	EDGGNFRA	5831b5a2-4861-4bf5-ae99-d31413234cdb
3271922d-6b7a-4953-a6ff-599b17ab785e	'ID_197112_1650420171084_93333'}	RAS	EDGG 非 FRA	EDGGNFRA	dcd8301c-de12-4e6c-992f-fd8de781ab58

謝謝你的幫助

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

Python elementtree 需要通過其限定名稱（即名稱空間屬性名稱）使用名稱空間來尋址屬性。當參考char.attrib或op.attrib檢索包含所有元素屬性及其值的字典時。下面是一個屬性值檢索的例子：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import pandas as pd
from collections import defaultdict

ab = {"adrmsg":"http://www.eurocontrol.int/cfmu/b2b/ADRMessage",
    "gml":"http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2",
    "adrext":"http://www.aixm.aero/schema/5.1.1/extensions/EUR/ADR",
    "aixm": "http://www.aixm.aero/schema/5.1.1",
    "xlink":"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
    "id":"http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2",
    "href":"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
}

# parse XML
root_node = ET.fromstring(xml)

# create dictionary to store parsed data
data = defaultdict(list)

for tag in root_node.findall(".//aixm:Airspace" , ab):
    value = tag.find("gml:identifier", ab)
    for char in tag.findall(".//aixm:AirspaceTimeSlice", ab):
        for per in char.findall(".//aixm:type",ab):
            for ir in char.findall(".//aixm:name",ab):
                for epa in char.findall(".//aixm:designator", ab):
                    for op in char.findall(".//aixm:theAirspace[@xlink:href]", ab):
                        data['uuid'].append(value.text)
                        data['id'].append(char.attrib['{http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2}id'])
                        data['type'].append(per.text)
                        data['name'].append(ir.text)
                        data['designator'].append(epa.text)
                        #data['contributorAirspace'].append(op.attrib['{http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink}href'])
                        
                       
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

注意運算式char.attrib['{http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2}id']和op.attrib['{http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink}href']。它們使用限定名稱尋址屬性并檢索屬性值。

此示例也使用 defaultdict 而不是兩個串列，但這是個人喜好問題。

轉載請註明出處，本文鏈接：https://www.uj5u.com/ruanti/493458.html

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