概述【重點】
總結一下整合的程序！
（1）第一步：首先想到的是一個系統首要的任務就是有一個資料庫，所以新建資料庫、表、添加資料
（2）第二步：與資料庫進行連接，這就是mybatis層需要做的事情，撰寫了mybatis-config.xml以及database.properties檔案，在這里遇到的一個問題是useSSL是為false或是true的問題，可以看我的另外一篇博客
（3）第三步：因為之前在學習的程序中我們知道，spring可以和mybatis整合起來，所以我們實作的就是撰寫spring的組態檔applicationContext.xml，然后進行整合，第一步是我們在決定好做什么業務的時候，將pojo、dao、service都準備完成，然后撰寫組態檔spring-dao.xml進行dao層整合，spring-service.xml進行service整合
（4）第四步：將SpringMVC添加進來，撰寫wen.xml檔案以及撰寫spring-mvc.xml檔案
（5）第五步：將spring-dao.xml、spring-service.xml、spring-mvc.xml一起import到applicationContext.xml，讓Spring統一調配管理！這樣就完成了ssm整合的所有環境搭建，剩下的就是進行開發
（6）最后，SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的，學到這里，大家已經可以進行基本網站的單獨開發，但是這只是增刪改查的基本操作，可以說學到這里，大家才算是真正的步入了后臺開發的門，也就是能找一個后臺相關作業的底線，或許很多人，作業就做這些事情，但是對于個人的提高來說，還遠遠不夠！
環境要求
- IDEA、MySQL5.7.19、Tomcat8、Maven3.6
- 熟練掌握MySQL資料庫、Spring、JavaWeb以及Mybatis知識，簡單的前端知識
1、創建一個資料庫
創建一個存放書籍的資料庫表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '書id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '書名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '數量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'從入門到放棄'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'從刪庫到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'從進門到進牢');
2、專案相關創建配置
1、新建一個Maven專案：ssmbuild，添加wen支持
2、匯入相關的pom依賴
<dependencies>
<!--Junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--資料庫驅動-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 資料庫連接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet - JSP -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3、設定Maven資源過濾【pom.xml中】
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
4、建立基本結構和配置框架
- chen.pojo
- chen.dao
- chen.service
- chen.controller
- mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>
- applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>
3、Mybatis層撰寫
1、資料庫組態檔database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
2、IDEA關聯資料庫
3、撰寫Myabtis核心組態檔
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<typeAliases>
<package name="chen.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="chen/dao/BookMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
4、撰寫對應的物體類：chen.Books【使用lombok插件】
package chen.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
5、撰寫Dao層的Mapper介面
package chen.dao;
import chen.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一個Book
int addBook(Books book);
//根據id洗掉一個Book
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book
int updateBook(Books books);
//根據id查詢,回傳一個Book
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查詢全部Book,回傳list集合
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
6、撰寫介面對應的Mapper.xml檔案，需要匯入Mybatis的包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="chen.dao.BookMapper">
<!--增加一個Book-->
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)
values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
</insert>
<!--根據id洗掉一個Book-->
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}
</delete>
<!--更新Book-->
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
where bookID = #{bookID}
</update>
<!--根據id查詢,回傳一個Book-->
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
where bookID = #{bookID}
</select>
<!--查詢全部Book-->
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
SELECT * from ssmbuild.books
</select>
</mapper>
7、撰寫Service層的介面和實作類
介面：
package chen.service;
import chen.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
//BookService:底下需要去實作,呼叫dao層
public interface BookService {
//增加一個Book
int addBook(Books book);
//根據id洗掉一個Book
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book
int updateBook(Books books);
//根據id查詢,回傳一個Book
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查詢全部Book,回傳list集合
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
實作類：
package chen.service;
import chen.dao.BookMapper;
import chen.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//呼叫dao層的操作，設定一個set介面，方便Spring管理
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
public int addBook(Books book) {
return bookMapper.addBook(book);
}
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
}
到此，我們底層需求配置完畢！！
4、Spring層撰寫
1、配置Spring整合Mybatis，這里我們使用c3p0連接池
2、撰寫Spring整合Mybatis的相關核心組態檔：spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
<!-- 1.關聯資料庫檔案 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!-- 2.資料庫連接池 -->
<!--資料庫連接池
dbcp 半自動化操作 不能自動連接
c3p0 自動化操作（自動的加載組態檔 并且設定到物件里面）
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!-- 配置連接池屬性 -->
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- c3p0連接池的私有屬性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 關閉連接后不自動commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 獲取連接超時時間 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 當獲取連接失敗重試次數 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory物件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入資料庫連接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 配置MyBaties全域組態檔:mybatis-config.xml -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置掃描Dao介面包，動態實作Dao介面注入到spring容器中 -->
<!--解釋 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 給出需要掃描Dao介面包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="chen.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
3、Spring整合service層：spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 掃描service相關的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="chen.service" />
<!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="chen.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入資料庫連接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
Spring層就是一個大雜燴，一個容器！
5、SpringMVC層撰寫
1、web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--一定要注意:我們這里加載的是總的組態檔，之前被這里坑了！-->
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--encodingFilter-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session過期時間-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
2、spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 1.開啟SpringMVC注解驅動 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 2.靜態資源默認servlet配置-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 顯示ViewResolver視圖決議器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 4.掃描web相關的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="chen.controller" />
</beans>
3、Spring配置整合檔案：applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
組態檔，暫時結束！
6、Controller和視圖層撰寫
1、BookController類撰寫：方法一【查詢全部書籍】
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
}
2、撰寫首頁index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<title>首頁</title>
<style type="text/css">
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">點擊進入串列頁</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
3、書籍串列界面
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>書籍串列</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>書籍串列 —— 顯示所有書籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>書籍編號</th>
<th>書籍名字</th>
<th>書籍數量</th>
<th>書籍詳情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
<tr>
<td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
<td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">洗掉</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
4、BookController類撰寫，方法二【添加書籍】
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper() {
return "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Books books) {
System.out.println(books);
bookService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
5、添加書籍界面：addBook,jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>新增書籍</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增書籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
書籍名稱：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
書籍數量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
書籍詳情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="添加">
</form>
</div>
6、BookController類撰寫：方法三【修改書籍】
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
System.out.println(books);
model.addAttribute("book",books );
return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
System.out.println(book);
bookService.updateBook(book);
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
model.addAttribute("books", books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
7、書籍修改界面updateBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改資訊</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>修改資訊</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
書籍名稱：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
書籍數量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
書籍詳情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</div>
8、BookController類撰寫：方法四【洗掉書籍】
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
配置Tomcat，進行運行！！！
首頁：
主頁：
新增書籍：
修改書籍：
專案結構圖
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