php-fpm徹底解決502（php-fpm多開、nginx限制并發、定時重啟）解決網站卡頓的終極奧義

網站被大量爬蟲訪問，經常出現訪問奇慢的情況，經過不斷的探索，終于把php-fpm多開、nginx限制并發、定時重啟php-fpm三者結合起來，解決了困擾已久的難題，

第一步、php-fpm多開

要修改三個地方，nginx配置，php配置，/etc/init.d/中增加php-fpm2

nginx里面添加

upstream backend
{
	server 127.0.0.1:9000;
	server 127.0.0.1:9002;
}

轉發用tcp協議，不用sock，主要的原因是tcp更穩定，速度差別感覺不到

server中修改

location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$)
{
    try_files $uri =404;
    fastcgi_pass  backend;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    include fastcgi.conf;
}

php組態檔復制一份，分別是php-fpm.conf和php-fpm2.conf

位置在php/etc里面

php-fpm.conf

[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /root/php.log
log_level = warning

[www]
listen = 	127.0.0.1:9000
listen.backlog = 4096
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0666
user = www
group = www
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 60
pm.start_servers = 10
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_spare_servers = 30
pm.max_requests = 10240
request_terminate_timeout = 100
request_slowlog_timeout = 20
slowlog = /root/slow.log

php-fpm2.conf

[global]
pid = run/php-fpm2.pid
error_log = /root/php.log
log_level = warning

[www]
listen = 	127.0.0.1:9002
listen.backlog = 4096
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0666
user = www
group = www
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 60
pm.start_servers = 10
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_spare_servers = 30
pm.max_requests = 10240
request_terminate_timeout = 100
request_slowlog_timeout = 20
slowlog = /root/slow.log

重點講講

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 60
pm.start_servers = 10
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_spare_servers = 30
pm.max_requests = 10240

由于是開了兩個php-fpm，因此開始的時候是10+10=20個行程，最高的時候限制為120個，正常在60個以內是夠用的，

max_spare_servers要低于max_children，好處是高并發后會自動降低行程，減少系統開銷，

cd /etc/init.d

復制一份php-fpm，名稱 php-fpm2

php-fpm2 全部內容

#! /bin/sh

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          php-fpm
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description:       starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO

prefix=/www/server/php/56
exec_prefix=${prefix}

php_fpm_BIN=${exec_prefix}/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=${prefix}/etc/php-fpm2.conf
php_fpm_PID=${prefix}/var/run/php-fpm2.pid


php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF --pid $php_fpm_PID"


wait_for_pid () {
	try=0

	while test $try -lt 35 ; do

		case "$1" in
			'created')
			if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
				try=''
				break
			fi
			;;

			'removed')
			if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
				try=''
				break
			fi
			;;
		esac

		echo -n .
		try=`expr $try + 1`
		sleep 1

	done

}

case "$1" in
	start)
		echo -n "Starting php-fpm "

		$php_fpm_BIN --daemonize $php_opts

		if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
			echo " failed"
			exit 1
		fi

		wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID

		if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
			echo " failed"
			exit 1
		else
			echo " done"
		fi
	;;

	stop)
		echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "

		if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
			echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
			exit 1
		fi

		kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`

		wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

		if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
			echo " failed. Use force-quit"
			exit 1
		else
			echo " done"
		fi
	;;

	status)
		if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
			echo "php-fpm is stopped"
			exit 0
		fi

		PID=`cat $php_fpm_PID`
		if ps -p $PID | grep -q $PID; then
			echo "php-fpm (pid $PID) is running..."
		else
			echo "php-fpm dead but pid file exists"
		fi
	;;

	force-quit)
		echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "

		if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
			echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
			exit 1
		fi

		kill -TERM `cat $php_fpm_PID`

		wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

		if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
			echo " failed"
			exit 1
		else
			echo " done"
		fi
	;;

	restart)
		$0 stop
		$0 start
	;;

	reload)

		echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "

		if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
			echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
			exit 1
		fi

		kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`

		echo " done"
	;;

	configtest)
		$php_fpm_BIN -t
	;;

	*)
		echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload|status|configtest}"
		exit 1
	;;

esac

核心是修改

prefix=/www/server/php/56
exec_prefix=${prefix}

php_fpm_BIN=${exec_prefix}/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=${prefix}/etc/php-fpm2.conf
php_fpm_PID=${prefix}/var/run/php-fpm2.pid

然后執行

chkconfig --add php-fpm2

設定開機啟動

至此，php-fpm雙開已經完成，

第二步、限制nginx并發

在nginx的http中添加

limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m;
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=two:100m rate=10r/s;

server中添加

limit_conn one 10; 
limit_req zone=two burst=10;

限制單個ip連接數低于10個，并發數10（burst=10），可根據情況修改為20或者30，經測驗不帶nodelay更穩定，

第三步、定時重啟

重啟服務

vi /sbin/cq

#/bin/bash
/etc/init.d/nginx restart
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
/etc/init.d/php-fpm2 restart
/etc/init.d/mysql restart

平滑重啟服務

vi /sbin/cq2

#! /bin/sh
getDateTime(){
    date "+%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
}
date=$(getDateTime)
count=$(ps aux | grep -c php-fpm)
echo "$date -- $count" >> /www/jt160/cq.txt

/etc/init.d/php-fpm reload
sleep 1
/etc/init.d/php-fpm2 reload
/etc/init.d/mysql reload

添加執行權限

chmod +x /sbin/*

定時每20秒平滑重啟php-fpm，解決php-fpm卡死的問題，經測驗，非常好用，

crontab -e

* * * * * /sbin/cq2
* * * * * sleep 20;/sbin/cq2
* * * * * sleep 40;/sbin/cq2

重啟的記錄保存在 /www/jt160/cq.txt 可以是網站目錄，可以隨時查看，通常100以內是正常的，php-fpm超過100就是負載太高的時候，一目了然，

重啟所有服務輸入命令 cq 即可

通過php-fpm多開、nginx限制并發、定時重啟php-fpm行程三者結合，網站穩定性上一個大臺階，分享給大家，

如有疑問，歡迎交流，

定時重啟記錄如下